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Microbiome diversity and dysbiosis in aquaculture
Reviews in Aquaculture ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-27 , DOI: 10.1111/raq.12513
Sandra Infante‐Villamil 1, 2 , Roger Huerlimann 1, 2 , Dean R. Jerry 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

With the continuous growth of the human population and associated need for high‐quality protein, the aquaculture sector will be required to increase significantly in productivity. This growth in productivity will be achieved through more efficient use of resources like feeds, genetic improvement and limiting the impacts of disease. One of the key links between animal productivity and disease is that of microbial diversity, with high‐throughput sequencing technologies increasing our understanding of the role microorganisms play in health, development and physiology of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts alike. Increasing our understanding of microbial–host interactions will help avoid or manage dysbiosis in aquaculture systems with the final aim of improving productivity. We review the current literature, which indicates that there is an association between productivity and microbial diversity in aquaculture systems, as changes in bacterial microbiomes are implicated in animal performance, in disease development associated with both bacterial and viral origin, and in dysbiosis triggered by environmental stressors or diet choice. Dysbiosis, whether in the form of the loss of beneficial bacteria, or the expansion of pathogens or potentially harmful microorganisms, can be used as an indicator tool for productivity monitoring purposes. Development of management strategies towards preserving the microbial balance, including maintaining or increasing diversity in the host, is critical for the health of cultured aquatic animals and will likely be critical for the expansion of aquaculture.

中文翻译:

水产养殖中的微生物组多样性和营养不良

随着人口的不断增长以及对高质量蛋白质的相关需求,将要求水产养殖部门大幅提高生产率。生产力的增长将通过更有效地利用诸如饲料,遗传改良和限制疾病影响等资源来实现。动物生产力和疾病之间的关键联系之一是微生物多样性,高通量测序技术使我们更加了解微生物在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物宿主的健康,发育和生理中所起的作用。加深我们对微生物与宿主之间相互作用的理解,将有助于避免或管理水产养殖系统中的病菌病,最终目的是提高生产力。我们回顾一下目前的文献,这表明在水产养殖系统中,生产力和微生物多样性之间存在关联,因为细菌微生物群的变化与动物的生产性能,与细菌和病毒起源有关的疾病发展以及环境压力或饮食选择引发的营养不良有关。代谢失调,无论是以有益细菌的流失形式,还是病原体或潜在有害微生物的扩展形式,都可以用作监测生产力的指标工具。制定旨在维持微生物平衡的管理策略,包括维持或增加寄主的多样性,对养殖水生动物的健康至关重要,对扩大水产养殖也可能至关重要。因为细菌微生物组的变化与动物的行为,与细菌和病毒起源有关的疾病发展以及环境压力或饮食选择引发的营养不良有关。代谢失调,无论是以有益细菌的流失形式,还是病原体或潜在有害微生物的扩展形式,都可以用作监测生产力的指标工具。制定旨在维持微生物平衡的管理策略,包括维持或增加寄主的多样性,对养殖水生动物的健康至关重要,对扩大水产养殖也可能至关重要。因为细菌微生物组的变化与动物的行为,与细菌和病毒起源有关的疾病发展以及环境压力或饮食选择引发的营养不良有关。代谢失调,无论是以有益细菌的流失形式,还是病原体或潜在有害微生物的扩展形式,都可以用作监测生产力的指标工具。制定旨在维持微生物平衡的管理策略,包括维持或增加寄主的多样性,对养殖水生动物的健康至关重要,对扩大水产养殖也可能至关重要。以及因环境压力或饮食选择引发的营养不良。代谢失调,无论是以有益细菌的流失形式,还是病原体或潜在有害微生物的扩展形式,都可以用作监测生产力的指标工具。制定旨在维持微生物平衡的管理策略,包括维持或增加寄主的多样性,对养殖水生动物的健康至关重要,对扩大水产养殖也可能至关重要。以及因环境压力或饮食选择引发的营养不良。代谢失调,无论是以有益细菌的流失形式,还是病原体或潜在有害微生物的扩展形式,都可以用作监测生产力的指标工具。制定旨在维持微生物平衡的管理策略,包括维持或增加寄主的多样性,对养殖水生动物的健康至关重要,对扩大水产养殖也可能至关重要。
更新日期:2020-10-27
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