Understanding the interplay between ecological and population genetic processes through space and time is a central goal of landscape genetics. However, most studies that place diversification dynamics in an ecological context have focused on vertebrates, leaving a significant gap in our understanding of the effects of ecosystem change on community composition and demography of invertebrates. In the East African Rift System, cichlid fishes have emerged as a powerful model system for understanding adaptive radiation (Kornfield & Smith, 2000), but few studies have examined diversification of other taxa. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Van Bocxlaer et al. (2020) use landscape genetic approaches to model historical demography and diversification of viviparid gastropods in the Lake Victoria ecoregion. They show that while phylogeographic patterns are similar between the two, viviparids and cichlids have responded in very different ways to the climatic upheavals of the Pleistocene and that their responses have been at least partially asynchronous. Viviparids have experienced population collapse 30‐ to 50‐fold more severe than that seen in haplochromine cichlids from the region, and population declines began 100K years earlier, prior to the last glacial maximum (~15,000–18,000 years ago). Their results reveal a new facet to the profound and lasting impacts of Pleistocene climate change on the modern fauna of the Lake Victoria ecoregion and its ability to respond to current human‐mediated stressors.

中文翻译：

---

维多利亚湖生态区贝拉米亚腹足动物的遗传多样性和历史人口统计学揭示了早期和严重的人口崩溃

通过空间和时间了解生态和种群遗传过程之间的相互作用是景观遗传学的主要目标。但是，大多数将多样化动态置于生态环境中的研究都集中在脊椎动物上，这在我们对生态系统变化对无脊椎动物的群落组成和人口统计学的影响的理解上存在很大差距。在东非裂谷系统中，丽鱼科鱼类已成为理解适应性辐射的强大模型系统（Kornfield＆Smith，2000），但很少有研究研究其他生物分类的多样性。在本期《分子生态学》中，Van Bocxlaer等。（2020年）使用景观遗传学方法对维多利亚湖生态区中的历史人口学和胎生腹足纲动物的多样性进行建模。他们表明，尽管两者的植物学谱型相似，但卵石和丽鱼科动物对更新世的气候动荡的反应却截然不同，并且它们的反应至少部分是异步的。胎生动物的种群崩溃比该地区的单倍铬素丽鱼科鱼类更严重，而人口下降的速度比上一次冰河最高峰（约15,000-18,000年前）早10万年前就开始了。