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The effects of age on the demography of a perennial plant depend on interactions with size and environment
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13537 H. Maria Baden 1, 2 , Deborah Roach 3 , Fritz H. Schweingruber 4 , Kasper Reitzel 2 , Kim Lundgreen 5 , Johan P. Dahlgren 1, 2
中文翻译：
年龄对多年生植物人口统计的影响取决于与大小和环境的相互作用
更新日期：2020-10-29
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13537 H. Maria Baden 1, 2 , Deborah Roach 3 , Fritz H. Schweingruber 4 , Kasper Reitzel 2 , Kim Lundgreen 5 , Johan P. Dahlgren 1, 2
Affiliation
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- Age‐dependence of the demographic rates survival, fecundity and individual growth is a fundamental aspect of population biological theory. Knowledge about plant ageing can also be important for conservation and agriculture as it will improve the accuracy of population viability assessments and long‐term performance assessments in perennial crops. Recent studies show age effects on demographic rates for several plant species, yet much remains to be learned about the patterns and mechanisms of plant ageing, particularly about how age effects interact with the environment and with plant size.
- We collected age‐and‐size‐based demographic data, as well as individual‐based environmental data, for the perennial herb Plantago lanceolata in Denmark over three annual transitions (4 years). We combined frequent field monitoring of carefully mapped individuals with the underused technique of root histology to determine age of herbaceous plants. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to assess how age, soil properties and year influenced survival, growth and reproduction.
- Our results show no strong evidence of consistent age declines, rather, we found mostly positive effects of age on vital rates. For all vital rates, i.e. survival, growth, flowering and reproductive output, age effects also differed significantly among years. Additionally, we detected an interactive effect of age and size in the growth model. Size, and temporal and spatial environmental variation also affected vital rates independently of age.
- Synthesis. Our study shows that age‐dependence of demographic rates can depend both on individual size and environmental variation. These results suggest that a consideration of potential age‐interactions may improve the accuracy of comparative studies of ageing and population projections. Moreover, this study shows that much is still unknown about how plant ageing can be affected by the environment.
中文翻译：
年龄对多年生植物人口统计的影响取决于与大小和环境的相互作用
- 人口率生存，生育力和个体成长的年龄依赖性是人口生物学理论的基本方面。关于植物衰老的知识对于保护和农业也很重要，因为它将提高多年生作物种群生存力评估和长期绩效评估的准确性。最近的研究表明，年龄对几种植物物种的人口统计率影响很大，但是关于植物衰老的模式和机理，尤其是关于年龄效应如何与环境和植物大小相互作用的知识还有很多。
- 我们在三个年度过渡期（四年）中收集了丹麦多年生草本植物车前草的基于年龄和大小的人口统计数据，以及基于个人的环境数据。我们将对精心绘制的个体进行频繁的野外监测与未充分利用的根组织学技术相结合，以确定草本植物的年龄。我们使用广义线性混合效应模型来评估年龄，土壤特性和年份如何影响生存，生长和繁殖。
- 我们的结果表明没有强有力的证据表明年龄会持续下降，相反，我们发现年龄对生命率的影响主要是正面的。对于所有生命率，即生存，生长，开花和生殖输出，年龄影响在几年之间也存在显着差异。此外，我们在增长模型中检测到年龄和大小的互动影响。大小，时空环境变化也影响生命率，与年龄无关。
- 综合。我们的研究表明，人口年龄的年龄依赖性可能取决于个人规模和环境变化。这些结果表明，考虑潜在的年龄相互作用可能会提高年龄和人口预测的比较研究的准确性。此外，这项研究表明，关于植物衰老如何受到环境影响的知识仍然未知。
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