The ability of synthetic polyampholytes to adopt globular, coil, helix, and stretched conformations and to exhibit coil–globule, helix–coil, liquid–liquid, sol–gel phase transitions with respect to internal (structure, composition, charge distribution, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, and so forth) and external factors (pH, temperature, ionic strength, thermodynamic quality of solvents, and so forth) is very important in duplicating the structural hierarchy of proteins. In this review, the structural and behavioral similarities between synthetic and natural polymers are analyzed, primarily concentrating on synthetic polyampholytes, amphoteric polypeptides, and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in order to demonstrate the close relationship. The application aspects of polyampholytes and future opportunities are briefly outlined.

中文翻译：

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合成和天然多两性电解质：结构和行为相似

合成的两性电解质采用球形，螺旋形，螺旋形和拉伸构象，并相对于内部（结构，组成，电荷分布，疏水性，疏水性，亲水性等）和外部因素（pH，温度，离子强度，溶剂的热力学性质等）在复制蛋白质的结构层次中非常重要。在这篇综述中，分析了合成和天然聚合物之间的结构和行为相似性，主要集中在合成的多两性电解质，两性多肽和固有无序蛋白（IDP）上，以证明这种密切关系。简要概述了多两性电解质的应用方面和未来的机会。