1. Many species and populations of odontocetes have modified their behaviour to take advantage of feeding opportunities provided by fishing activities, with depredation of fishing gear being the most common type of adaptation.
2. The northern Adriatic Sea has been identified as an important marine mammal area because of a regular occurrence of common bottlenose dolphins. Boat surveys were conducted within a 3,000 km² sector of the Adriatic Sea off the coast of Veneto, Italy, between April and October 2018–2019. Based on 76 days at sea, 10,711 km of navigation, and 81 h 26 min of dolphin tracking, this study contributes novel quantitative information on dolphin spatial distribution, and on their occurrence in the wake of beam trawlers, otter trawlers, and midwater pair trawlers.
3. A combined generalized additive model and generalized estimation equation framework indicated that trawling—along with other physiographic, biological and anthropogenic variables—influenced dolphin distribution. In days of trawling, the chance of encountering dolphins increased by ~4.5 times (95% confidence interval 1.8–11.0) near active beam trawlers, by ~16.0 times (7.1–36.0) near otter trawlers, and by ~28.9 times (12.0–69.6) near midwater pair trawlers.
4. Spatial modelling was used to create maps of predicted distribution, suggesting differences in habitat use between trawling and no‐trawling days. Spatial modelling for all days identified a dolphin distribution hotspot of 832 km², situated off the Po river delta.
5. Evidence contributed by this study can be used to inform management action within one of the world's areas most heavily impacted by fishing and other human encroachment. Such management action would help enforce the European Union's Habitats Directive and Marine Strategy Framework Directive, while also informing EU's Maritime Spatial Planning.

中文翻译：

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西北亚得里亚海的宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）：拖网的空间分布和影响

1. 齿形目动物的许多物种和种群已改变其行为，以利用捕鱼活动提供的觅食机会，而捕捞渔具的折旧是最常见的适应方式。
2. 由于常见的宽吻海豚经常出现，因此北部亚得里亚海已被确定为重要的海洋哺乳动物产区。在2018年4月至10月10日之间，在意大利威尼托（Veneto）海岸亚得里亚海（Adriatic Sea）的3,000 km ²区域内进行了船测。基于海上航行76天，航行10,711公里以及跟踪海豚81小时26分钟，这项研究为海豚的空间分布及其在拖网拖网渔船，水獭拖网渔船和中水对拖网渔船的发生中提供了新颖的定量信息。 。
3. 广义加性模型和广义估计方程框架的组合表明，拖网捕捞以及其他生理，生物学和人为因素对海豚的分布产生了影响。在拖网捕捞的日子里，在活动的拖网渔船附近遇到海豚的机会增加了约4.5倍（95％置信区间1.8–11.0），在水獭拖网渔船附近遇到了海豚的机会增加了〜16.0倍（7.1–36.0），并增加了约28.9倍（12.0–95）。 69.6）在中水对拖网渔船附近。
4. 使用空间建模来创建预测分布图，这表明拖网日和不拖网日之间栖息地使用的差异。整天的空间建模确定了位于Po河三角洲附近的832 km ²的海豚分布热点。
5. 这项研究提供的证据可用于为世界上受捕鱼和其他人类侵害影响最大的地区之一内的管理行动提供信息。这样的管理行动将有助于执行欧盟的《人居指令》和《海洋战略框架指令》，同时也为欧盟的《海洋空间规划》提供依据。