Magnetic skyrmions are complex swirling spin structures that are of interest for applications in energy-efficient memories and logic technologies. Multilayers of heavy metals and ferromagnets have been shown to host magnetic skyrmions at room temperature. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy is often used to study magnetic domain structures in multilayer samples using mainly Fresnel defocus imaging. Here, off-axis electron holography is used to obtain in-focus electron optical phase images of Néel-type domains and skyrmions in an Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayer sample. The preparation of the sample, reconstruction of the holograms and influence of sample tilt angle on the signal-to-noise ratio in the phase images are discussed. A good agreement is found between images of individual skyrmions that are stabilized using an external magnetic field and simulated images based on theoretical models of Néel-type skyrmions.

中文翻译：

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多层重金属和铁磁体中 Néel 型斯格明子的离轴电子全息术

磁性斯格明子是复杂的旋转自旋结构，可用于节能存储器和逻辑技术中的应用。多层重金属和铁磁体已被证明在室温下承载磁性斯格明子。洛伦兹透射电子显微镜通常用于研究多层样品中的磁畴结构，主要使用菲涅耳离焦成像。在这里，离轴电子全息术用于获得 Ir/Fe/Co/Pt 多层样品中 Néel 型域和斯格明子的聚焦电子光学相位图像。讨论了样品的制备、全息图的重建以及样品倾斜角对相位图像中信噪比的影响。