Abstract The effects of liquefaction induced lateral spreading on the piles of a dolphin-type berth were investigated using 1 g large scale shake table testing accompanied by numerical simulations. For this purpose, various aspects of the response of the soil and the pile group to lateral spreading were considered. The results indicated that large bending moments were induced in the piles during lateral spreading and the downslope piles of the group received greater bending moments than the upslope one. The monotonic components of bending moments in the piles were reasonably predicted by the displacement based numerical approach using p-y springs when they were properly tuned for strength reduction in liquefied soil and the pile position in the group. A three dimensional hydro-mechanical finite element analysis was also undertaken in OpenSees which appropriately reproduced the physical model behavior. Lastly, a comprehensive parametric study on the verified finite element model revealed that the relative density of soil and the amplitude of base excitation can profoundly affect the induced bending moments in piles as well as the pile cap displacements while the effect of pile flexibility was comparably smaller in this regard.

中文翻译：

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液化引起的横向扩展海豚型泊位的地震行为：1g 大型振动台试验和数值模拟

摘要 采用1 g 大型振动台试验和数值模拟研究液化引起的横向扩展对海豚型泊位桩的影响。为此，考虑了土壤和桩组对横向扩展的响应的各个方面。结果表明，在横向扩展过程中，桩中产生了较大的弯矩，下坡桩比上坡桩承受的弯矩更大。桩中弯矩的单调分量通过基于位移的数值方法使用 py 弹簧进行合理预测，当它们针对液化土壤中的强度降低和组中的桩位置进行适当调整时。OpenSees 中还进行了三维流体力学有限元分析，该分析适当地再现了物理模型行为。最后，对经验证的有限元模型进行全面的参数研究表明，土壤的相对密度和基础激励的幅度可以深刻地影响桩中的诱导弯矩以及桩帽位移，而桩柔度的影响则相对较小。在这方面。