Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) show great potential in large-scale energy storage systems for their advantages of high safety, low cost, high capacity, and environmental friendliness. However, the poor performance of Zn metal anode seriously hinders the application of ZIBs. Herein, we use the zinc-ion intercalatable V₂O₅·nH₂O (VO) as the interface modification material, for the first time, to on-site build a Zn²⁺-conductive Zn_xV₂O₅·nH₂O (ZnVO) interfacial layer via the spontaneous short-circuit reaction between the pre-fabricated VO film and Zn metal foil. Compared with the bare Zn, the ZnVO-coated Zn anode exhibits better electrochemical performances with dendrite-free Zn deposits, lower polarization, higher coulombic efficiency over 99% after long cycles and 10 times higher cycle life, which is confirmed by constructing Zn symmetrical cell and Zn|ZnSO₄ + Li₂SO₄|LiFePO₄ full cell.

水系锌离子电池（ZIBs）以其安全性高、成本低、容量大和环境友好等优点，在大规模储能系统中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，锌金属负极性能较差严重阻碍了ZIBs的应用。在此，我们首次使用锌离子可插层V ₂ O ₅ · n H ₂ O (VO)作为界面改性材料，现场构建了Zn ²⁺导电Zn _x V ₂ O ₅ · n H ₂O (ZnVO) 界面层通过预制 VO 薄膜和 Zn 金属箔之间的自发短路反应。与裸 Zn 相比，ZnVO 涂层 Zn 阳极表现出更好的电化学性能，无枝晶 Zn 沉积，极化更低，长循环后库仑效率超过 99％，循环寿命提高 10 倍，这通过构建 Zn 对称电池得到证实和Zn|ZnSO ₄  + Li ₂ SO ₄ |LiFePO ₄全电池。