Conjunctivitis, caused by bacterial infections, represents health concern and diagnosis of the disease is pivotal for the proper selection of the treatment. The main causes of bacterial conjunctivitis vary in different countries. The current study investigated the common bacterial causes of bacterial conjunctivitis from eye clinics' attendants and evaluated the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches. Eye swabs from patients, diagnosed with conjunctivitis, were assessed microbiologically and the isolated bacteria were identified using the standard biochemical identification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Antibiotics' susceptibility of the conjunctivitis-associated bacterial pathogens was evaluated against nineteen broad-spectrum antibiotics. In the meanwhile, cell-free preparations from probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were used to evaluate their antagonistic activities. Findings from this study showed that out of 52 specimen, 17 eye swabs from patients with conjunctivitis were bacterial culture-positive. The identity of the bacterial species, using the biochemical identification system, was Staphylococcus aureus (4 isolates) and S. epidermidis (13 isolates). Staphylococcus spp. showed susceptibility to linezolid, vancomycin, novobiocin, and fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin). However, isolates from the two Staphylococcus spp. expressed resistance to penicillin G, oxacillin, and cephalexin. As alternatives to antibiotics, the growth of Staphylococcus spp., including isolates with antibiotic resistance, was inhibited by cell-free preparations of the 4 probiotic Lactobacillus and the 2 Bifidobacterium strains. These findings provide evidence that topical antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones are still effective antimicrobial agents against staphylococci associated with conjunctivitis whereas probiotic preparations could be promising for further research to pave the way for their therapeutic applications against ophthalmic diseases.

由细菌感染引起的结膜炎代表着健康问题，该疾病的诊断对于正确选择治疗方法至关重要。不同国家细菌性结膜炎的主要原因有所不同。目前的研究调查了眼科诊所服务员引起细菌性结膜炎的常见细菌原因，并评估了不同治疗方法的有效性。对诊断为结膜炎的患者的眼拭子进行微生物学评估，并使用标准生化鉴定和 16S rRNA 基因测序来鉴定分离的细菌。针对 19 种广谱抗生素评估了结膜炎相关细菌病原体的抗生素敏感性。同时，使用益生菌乳杆菌和双歧杆菌菌株的无细胞制剂来评估它们的拮抗活性。这项研究的结果显示，在 52 份样本中，17 份来自结膜炎患者的眼拭子细菌培养呈阳性。使用生化鉴定系统鉴定细菌种类为金黄色葡萄球菌（4 个分离株）和表皮葡萄球菌（13 个分离株）。葡萄球菌属对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、新生霉素和氟喹诺酮类药物（诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星）表现出敏感性。然而，从两种葡萄球菌属中分离出来。对青霉素 G、苯唑西林和头孢氨苄表现出耐药性。作为抗生素的替代品，葡萄球菌属的生长。包括具有抗生素耐药性的分离株在内，均被 4 种益生菌乳杆菌和 2 种双歧杆菌菌株的无细胞制剂抑制。这些研究结果证明，氟喹诺酮类等外用抗生素仍然是对抗结膜炎相关葡萄球菌的有效抗菌药物，而益生菌制剂有望进行进一步研究，为其治疗眼科疾病铺平道路。