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Evaluating 5 decades of atmospheric 85Kr measurements in the southern hemisphere to derive an input function for dating water and ice with implications for interhemispheric circulation and the global 85Kr emission inventory
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106451
A. Kersting , C. Schlosser , A. Bollhöfer , A. Suckow

In July 2015, the currently only active monitoring station for atmospheric 85Kr measurements in the southern hemisphere went operational at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) in Adelaide, Australia. Here, this new data is presented and combined with measurements from historic monitoring stations, to generate a85Kr input function for the southern hemisphere which is crucial for the application of 85Kr as a dating tracer for water and ice. After a linear increase in atmospheric 85Kr concentrations between 1980 and 2005, concentrations stabilized yielding mean 85Kr activity concentration during the Adelaide monitoring period of 1.3 ± 0.15 Bq/m³ air with slight variations indicating seasonal effects.

Data from three northern hemispheric monitoring stations Schauinsland, Freiburg and Jungfraujoch of the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), located in Central Europe are used to calculate an interhemispheric exchange time of 1.25 ± 0.24 years, using a simple box model approach. Furthermore, it is investigated whether a southern hemispheric 85Kr input function can be calculated from the baseline of the northern hemispheric data set. A comparison between the calculated and the fitted input function shows that analytical techniques can just resolve the concentration differences, emphasising the need of southern hemispheric monitoring stations for 85Kr. Analysing the decay-corrected input function and taking the current detection limit of low-level counting and Atom Trap Trace Analysis of 0.05 Bq/m³ air, a maximum apparent 85Kr tracer age of 40 years can be determined in the southern hemisphere. Finally, the 85Kr measurements are used to derive global 85Kr emission rates which are found to be in good agreement with published emissions from nuclear reprocessing plants.



中文翻译:

对南半球的大气中85 Kr的5年测量进行评估,以得出对水和冰进行测年的输入函数,这对半球间环流和全球85 Kr排放量清单有影响

2015年7月,南半球目前唯一的活跃的大气中85 Kr测量监测站在澳大利亚阿德莱德的联邦科学与工业研究组织(CSIRO)投入运行。在这里,这些新数据将被提供,并与历史监测站的测量结果相结合,以生成南半球的85 Kr输入函数,这对于将85 Kr用作水和冰的年代示踪剂至关重要。在1980年至2005年大气85 Kr浓度线性增加后,浓度稳定,平均85阿德莱德监测期间Kr的活动浓度为1.3±0.15 Bq /m³空气,略有变化表明存在季节性影响。

来自德国中部联邦辐射防护局(BfS)的三个北半球监测站Schauinsland,Freiburg和Jungfraujoch的数据,使用简单的盒模型方法,用于计算1.25±0.24年的半球交换时间。此外,研究是否可以从北半球数据集的基线计算南半球85 Kr输入函数。计算得出的和拟合的输入函数之间的比较表明,分析技术只能解决浓度差异,强调需要南半球85个监测站r 分析经过衰减校正的输入函数,并采用低水平计数的当前检测极限和0.05 Bq /m³空气的原子阱痕量分析,可以确定南半球的最大表观85 Kr示踪剂年龄为40年。最后,使用85 Kr的测量值得出全球85 Kr排放率,发现该速率与核后处理厂已发布的排放量非常吻合。

更新日期:2020-10-30
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