Abstract The safety of a grounding system plays a vital role in the transmission and distribution network for operational safety in the majority of electrical installations. The application of residual current and overcurrent protection relays is among the most preferred methods in grounding systems. A novel grounding cake is proposed in this study to investigate safety performance of grounding system. The methodology is meticulously demonstrated through extensive field experiments on natural and chemical grounding enhancement materials. A performance comparison was carried out between natural and chemical enhancement materials under different humidity levels and voltage stresses. Various adjustable voltages in the range between 0.85 and 3.76 kV were applied to three copper rods vertically planted into different grounding materials. The results from the field experiments were analysed using Discrete Wavelet Transform. The experiments demonstrate that natural grounding enhancement materials give low ground resistivity around the electrodes, serve as a cost-effective solution for high resistive soil, and are in conformity with the IEEE 80 safety standards.

中文翻译：

---

提高接地系统安全性能的新型接地蛋糕

摘要 接地系统的安全在输配电网络中对大多数电气装置的运行安全起着至关重要的作用。剩余电流和过电流保护继电器的应用是接地系统中最优选的方法之一。本研究提出了一种新型接地蛋糕来研究接地系统的安全性能。该方法通过对天然和化学接地增强材料的广泛现场实验得到了精心证明。在不同湿度水平和电压应力下，对天然和化学增强材料的性能进行了比较。将 0.85 到 3.76 kV 范围内的各种可调电压施加到垂直植入不同接地材料中的三个铜棒上。使用离散小波变换分析了现场实验的结果。实验表明，天然接地增强材料在电极周围提供低接地电阻率，可作为高电阻土壤的经济有效的解决方案，并且符合 IEEE 80 安全标准。