Among the enteric viruses implicated in foodborne outbreaks, the human norovirus and hepatitis viruses A and E (HAV and HEV) represent a serious public health concern. International standard ISO 15216 proposes methods for detecting HAV and norovirus (genogroups I and II) RNA from soft fruit, leaf, stem and bulb vegetables, bottled water or food surfaces. These methods had not previously been validated for detecting the targeted viruses in other foodstuffs such as multicomponent foods, nor for detecting other viruses in foodstuffs. The aim of this study was to characterise a method derived from the vegetable method described in ISO 15216 to detect HAV, HEV and norovirus in artificially-contaminated multicomponent foodstuffs according to the recent international standard ISO 16140-4.

Results showed that the mean recovery rates for all settings did not differ according to the operator. The mean extraction yields ranged from 0.35% to 40.44% for HAV, 5.19% to 100% for HEV, 0.10% to 40.61% for norovirus GI and 0.88% to 69.16% for norovirus GII. The LOD₉₅ was 10² genome copies/g for HAV, HEV and norovirus GII and 10³ genome copies/g for norovirus GI. The LOQ was 2.90 × 10⁴, 1.40 × 10³, 1.60 × 10⁴ and 1.30 × 10⁴ genome copies/g for HAV, HEV, norovirus GI and norovirus GII respectively. The MNV-1 process control was detected in 120 out of 128 RNA extracts analysed and was recovered with an efficiency of between 3.83% and 50.22%. The mean inhibition rates of quantitative real-time RT-PCR reaction ranged from 3.25% to 28.70% and varied significantly with the type of food matrix. The described method could be used to detect viruses in composite food products for routine diagnosis needs.

在与食源性疾病有关的肠道病毒中，人类诺如病毒和甲型和戊型肝炎病毒（HAV和HEV）代表了严重的公共卫生问题。国际标准ISO 15216提出了从软果，叶，茎和鳞茎类蔬菜，瓶装水或食物表面检测HAV和诺如病毒（I和II类基因组）RNA的方法。这些方法以前尚未经过验证可用于检测其他食品（例如多组分食品）中的目标病毒，也无法检测食品中的其他病毒。这项研究的目的是描述一种根据ISO 15216中描述的蔬菜方法衍生的方法，以根据最新的国际标准ISO 16140-4检测人为污染的多组分食品中的HAV，HEV和诺如病毒。

结果表明，根据操作员的不同，所有设置的平均恢复率没有差异。HAV的平均提取率范围为0.35％至40.44％，HEV的平均提取率范围为5.19％至100％，诺如病毒GI为0.10％至40.61％，而诺如病毒GII为0.88％至69.16％。的LOD ₉₅为10个²个基因组拷贝/克为HAV，HEV和诺罗病毒GII和10个³个基因组拷贝/克为诺罗病毒GI。的LOQ为2.90×10 ⁴，1.40×10 ³，1.60×10 ⁴和1.30×10 ⁴HAV，HEV，诺如病毒GI和诺如病毒GII的基因组拷贝数/克。在分析的128种RNA提取物中，有120种检测到MNV-1过程控制，并以3.83％至50.22％的效率回收。实时定量RT-PCR反应的平均抑制率在3.25％至28.70％之间，并且随食物基质的类型而变化很大。所描述的方法可用于检测复合食品中的病毒，以进行常规诊断。