Juniperus oxycedrus L. (Cupressaceae Bartlett) sensu lato is a species of high phenotypic and phytochemical variability. There is interest in the development of this species into cultivated crop because wild collection of galbuli or leaves result in significant variation in the essential oil (EO) profile and bioactivity. The objectives of this study were tо assess the variability of EO content and composition of J. oxycedrus collected at 20 populations (interpopulation) across Bulgaria and also intrapopulation variability using advanced statistical methods, and to identify promising clones that can be propagated and further investigated under cultivation. Overall, the EO yield of leaves varied from 0.03 % to 0.20 % (interpopulation), from 0.04 % to 0.18 % (intrapopulation), whille the galbuli EO varied from 0.83 % to 2.6 % (interpopulation) and from 1.2 % tо 1.9 % (intrapopulation), respectively. Monoterpenes was the predominant chemical class of galbuli ЕO, ranging from 53.4%to–69.5% (intrapopulation), while in leaf EO, the predominant class was sesquiterpenes (46.2 %–67.4 %) (intrapopulation). The major constituents (α-pinene, limonene, α-curcumene, γ-cadinene, δ-cadinene, manoyl oxide, germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide) of leaf EO were considered for grouping the populations in eight chemotypes, whereas twenty-seven chemical groups were established for the interpopulation study. The EO of galbuli in the interpopulation study formed five chemical groups. The present study is the first report to demonstrate such variability of EO between and within the populations of J. oxycedrus, and the first report to identify so many chemical groups based on the leaf and galbuli EO. Galbuli ЕO showed different аntimicrobial activity towards Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida kruseii, and C. tropicalis. This study identified promising genetic material (clones) that could be further propagated and developed into cultivars for commercial production of J. oxycedrus oil with desirable profile, aroma, and bioactivity to meet specific market demands.

柏柏（Juniperus oxycedrus L。）（Cupressaceae Bartlett）是一种高表型和植物化学变异性的物种。该物种发展为栽培作物引起了人们的兴趣，因为野生的galbuli或叶片收集会导致精油（EO）分布和生物活性发生重大变化。这项研究的目的是评估氧含量和氧含量的变化。使用先进的统计方法从保加利亚各地的20个种群（种群间）收集种群，并使用先进的统计方法收集种群内的变异性，以鉴定可以繁殖并在栽培条件下进一步研究的有希望的克隆。总体而言，叶片的EO产量在0.03％至0.20％（种群内）之间变化，在0.04％至0.18％（种群内）之间变化，而鳞茎EO的产率在0.83％至2.6％（种群间）之间变化，而在1.2％t 1.9％（之间）之间变化。内）。单萜类是galbuliЕO的主要化学类别，范围从53.4％到–69.5％（种群内），而在叶EO中，主要类别是倍半萜（46.2％–67.4％）（种群内）。主要成分（α-pine烯，li烯，α-姜黄烯，γ-cad烯，δ考虑将叶EO的-Cadenene，氧化亚丙基，胚芽戊烯D，β-叶绿素烯，α-叶绿素烯，氧化叶绿素烯）划分为八种化学型的种群，而建立二十七个化学组用于种群间研究。在种群间研究中，galbuli的EO形成了五个化学基团。本研究是第一份证明EO变异性的研究，也是第一份报告，它基于叶和尾叶EO鉴定了这么多化学基团。GalbuliЕO对小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌，金黄色葡萄球菌亚种具有不同的抗菌活性。金黄色葡萄球菌，粪肠球菌，肺炎链球菌，假丝酵母和热带假丝酵母。这项研究确定了有前途的遗传材料（克隆），可以将其进一步繁殖和开发为商业化生产的J. oxycedrus油，具有理想的特性，香气和生物活性，以满足特定的市场需求。