Abstract The water content of gas is of importance in a wide variety of areas such as oil and gas, carbon capture and storage, medical, nuclear, food and hydrogen cells. In cases where pressurised gas is being used or transported in pipelines (i.e. natural gas, carbon dioxide, compressed air....) the main reason is that changes in temperature or pressure of gas with fixed water content may result in water condensing. The condensed water may cause a number of issues such as corrosion, ice and hydrate formation. To avoid condensation of water the gas needs to be dried to a level where no condensation will occur at any temperature/pressure conditions it encounters. There are a wide variety of methods and equipment available for making water content measurements in laboratory or industrial processes. The available devices vary in terms of different parameters such as accuracy, long-term stability, sensitivity to contaminants, response time, pressure rating, initial and running costs. This paper introduces a new method that can potentially be incorporated into equipment for use in both laboratory and field applications for accurate dew/frost point measurements at a wide range of pressures. Initial measurements have been made for nitrogen, methane and natural gas and the results have been compared with literature data and model predictions.

中文翻译：

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气体水露点/霜点测量新方法的研制

摘要 天然气的含水量在石油和天然气、碳捕获和储存、医疗、核能、食品和氢电池等广泛领域具有重要意义。在管道中使用或运输加压气体（即天然气、二氧化碳、压缩空气……）的情况下，主要原因是具有固定水含量的气体的温度或压力变化可能导致水冷凝。冷凝水可能会导致许多问题，例如腐蚀、冰和水合物的形成。为了避免水冷凝，气体需要干燥到在任何温度/压力条件下都不会发生冷凝的水平。有多种方法和设备可用于在实验室或工业过程中进行水含量测量。可用设备在不同参数方面有所不同，例如精度、长期稳定性、对污染物的敏感性、响应时间、压力等级、初始和运行成本。本文介绍了一种新方法，该方法可用于实验室和现场应用的设备中，以便在各种压力下进行精确的露点/霜点测量。对氮气、甲烷和天然气进行了初步测量，并将结果与​​文献数据和模型预测进行了比较。本文介绍了一种新方法，该方法可用于实验室和现场应用的设备中，以便在各种压力下进行精确的露点/霜点测量。对氮气、甲烷和天然气进行了初步测量，并将结果与​​文献数据和模型预测进行了比较。本文介绍了一种新方法，该方法可用于实验室和现场应用的设备中，以便在各种压力下进行精确的露点/霜点测量。对氮气、甲烷和天然气进行了初步测量，并将结果与​​文献数据和模型预测进行了比较。