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The effect of environmental pollution on immune evasion checkpoints of SARS-CoV-2
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103520
Ayse Basak Engin 1 , Evren Doruk Engin 2 , Atilla Engin 3
Affiliation  

Many diverse strategies allow and facilitate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) to evade antiviral innate immune mechanisms. Although the type I interferon (IFN) system has a critical role in restricting the dissemination of viral infection, suppression of IFN receptor signals by SARS-CoV-2 constitutes a checkpoint that plays an important role in the immune escape of the virus. Environmental pollution not only facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection but also increases infection-associated fatality risk, which arises due to Systemic Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation Syndrome. The intracellular accumulation of endogenous kynurenic acid due to overexpression of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by AhR activation induces AhR-interleukin-6 (IL-6)-signal transducers and activators of the transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. The AhR-IDO1-Kynurenine pathway is an important checkpoint, which leads to fatal consequences in SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune evasion in the context of Treg/Th17 imbalance and cytokine storm.



中文翻译:

环境污染对SARS-CoV-2免疫逃避检查点的影响

许多不同的策略允许并促进严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 逃避抗病毒先天免疫机制。尽管I型干扰素(IFN)系统在限制病毒感染传播方面发挥着关键作用,但SARS-CoV-2对IFN受体信号的抑制构成了一个检查点,在病毒的免疫逃逸中发挥着重要作用。环境污染不仅促进 SARS-CoV-2 感染,还会增加因系统性芳基碳氢化合物受体 (AhR) 激活综合征而导致的感染相关死亡风险。AhR 激活导致吲哚胺 2,3-双加氧酶 (IDO) 过度表达,导致内源性犬尿酸在细胞内积累,从而诱导 AhR-白介素-6 (IL-6) 信号转导子和转录 3 (STAT3) 信号通路激活子。AhR-IDO1-犬尿氨酸通路是一个重要的检查点,在 Treg/Th17 失衡和细胞因子风暴的背景下,它会导致 SARS-CoV-2 感染和免疫逃避的致命后果。

更新日期:2020-10-30
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