Abstract The relationship between income growth and environmental quality has been frequently investigated in the literature. These investigations are not unified on a single point and have yielded in a broad spectrum of conflicting results. Major portion of the literature argues that there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between per capita income and environmental quality. While another stream of research opposes these findings and rejects environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). To investigate these variations, the present study synthesizes the existing findings and conducting meta regression analysis on a broad level. The contribution of this study is twofold; first, a framework, Preferred Reporting Items for Meta Regression Analysis (PRIMRA), has been developed, which is aimed to provide a pathway for future meta-analyses. This study itself has been carried out in the light of this framework. Second, this is the very first attempt to synthesize EKC literature by using quantitative methods on a broad level. Reviewing 101 research papers published during 2006–2019, we have found a strong evidence in support of EKC. It has been found that this relationship is a long run phenomenon and irrelevant to the choice of econometric tools employed or type of data used. Although the results show variations with the choice of environmental degradation indicators.

中文翻译：

---

环境库兹涅茨曲线的更新荟萃分析：我们的立场是什么？

摘要 收入增长与环境质量之间的关系在文献中经常被研究。这些调查并没有在一个点上统一，并且产生了广泛的相互矛盾的结果。大部分文献认为人均收入与环境质量之间存在倒U型关系。而另一流研究反对这些发现并拒绝环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）。为了调查这些变化，本研究综合了现有的发现并在广泛的层面上进行了元回归分析。这项研究的贡献是双重的；首先，已经开发了一个框架，即元回归分析的首选报告项目（PRIMRA），旨在为未来的元分析提供一条途径。这项研究本身就是在这个框架下进行的。其次，这是第一次尝试使用广泛的定量方法来综合 EKC 文献。回顾 2006-2019 年发表的 101 篇研究论文，我们发现了支持 EKC 的有力证据。已经发现，这种关系是一种长期现象，与所使用的计量经济学工具的选择或所使用的数据类型无关。尽管结果显示随环境退化指标的选择而变化。已经发现，这种关系是一种长期现象，与所使用的计量经济学工具的选择或所使用的数据类型无关。尽管结果显示随环境退化指标的选择而变化。已经发现，这种关系是一种长期现象，与所使用的计量经济学工具的选择或所使用的数据类型无关。尽管结果显示随环境退化指标的选择而变化。