Abstract Abiotic and biotic stresses can dramatically reduce the productivity of agricultural crops, causing serious economic and social problems. Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes, responsible for a large proportion of global CO2 and N2 fixation, with numerous environmental, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications. In symbiosis with plants, cyanobacteria are able to increase the supply of nutrients, not only nitrogen but also others such as phosphorus, and increase the availability of water in the soil, improving its physicochemical conditions and promoting plant growth because of the release of different hormones. Faced with different abiotic stresses, the ability of various species of cyanobacteria to increase plant tolerance has been described because of their direct action in soils or the activation of plant responses. They reduce the effect of salinity by producing extracellular polysaccharide or compatible solutions, increase germination in drought situations, and remove pollutants (heavy metals and pesticides) from soil and water. Faced with biotic stresses, cyanobacteria are capable of producing a great diversity of different chemical compounds with great effectiveness, in addition to releasing various enzymes, competing for the rhizosphere space and activating plant defense responses by interacting with their roots, representing an effective strategy against bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, and harmful insects in agriculture.

中文翻译：

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植物健康中的蓝藻：对抗非生物和生物胁迫的生物策略

摘要 非生物和生物胁迫会显着降低农作物的生产力，造成严重的经济和社会问题。蓝藻是光合原核生物，负责大部分全球 CO2 和 N2 固定，在环境、制药和农业方面有许多应用。在与植物共生的过程中，蓝藻能够增加养分的供应，不仅是氮，还有磷等其他养分，并增加土壤中水分的可用性，改善其理化条件，并因释放不同的激素而促进植物生长. 面对不同的非生物胁迫，已经描述了各种蓝藻提高植物耐受性的能力，因为它们在土壤中直接作用或激活植物反应。它们通过产生细胞外多糖或相容溶液来降低盐度的影响，在干旱情况下增加发芽，并从土壤和水中去除污染物（重金属和杀虫剂）。面对生物胁迫，蓝藻除了释放各种酶、竞争根际空间并通过与根相互作用激活植物防御反应外，还能够产生多种不同的化合物，并且非常有效，是一种有效的对抗细菌的策略。 、真菌、卵菌、线虫和农业中的有害昆虫。