Abstract Population growth and industrialization involve environmental problems, such as metal pollution, and coastal environments are particularly susceptible to such issues. Within this framework, we aimed: (i) to determine the levels of trace metals in soils and Spartina densiflora tissues in rocky shore marshes of Central Patagonia; (ii) to relate metal concentration patterns in the different soil-plant complex fractions to environmental conditions; and (iii) to investigate whether geographical metal concentration patterns can be explained with anthropogenic influences and sources and/or by local prevailing biogeochemical processes. For this purpose, soil samples and associated vegetation were collected in five rocky shore marshes located at different distances from an urban or industrial area. The concentration of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn in soils (pseudototal and bioavailable) and in plants (roots and shoots) was determined. Then the enrichment factor, bioaccumulation and translocation factor were calculated. The soil mineralogy and the behavior of these metals according to different soil variables were discussed. The results showed different behavior and level of anthropic impact according to the metal considered. Salt marshes located on the southern edge of the Nuevo Gulf showed the highest concentrations of metals. Fe, Al, Cu and Zn showed mostly a natural origin. Fe and Al were mainly in soils rather than in plants, while Cu and Zn were similarly distributed in both matrixes. Although Cd in soils showed enrichment, it would have a natural origin. Also, it was scarce in the soil and was mostly concentrated in Spartina’ roots. Pb, Cr and Ni showed anthropic enrichment too, being mainly derived from the port and industrial activities. Pb had significant representation in all soil-plant subsystems and showed the highest bioavailability in soils. Cr and Ni, were found in high concentration in the soil and showed a high bioaccumulation in roots. The human impact level in rocky shore marshes of the Nuevo Gulf in Central Patagonia associated to the trace metals pollution varies from being scarce to significantly important, with the marshes located in its southern margin showing the worst scenarios.

中文翻译：

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中巴塔哥尼亚岩岸盐沼土壤-植物复合体中痕量金属浓度

摘要 人口增长和工业化涉及金属污染等环境问题，沿海环境尤其容易受到此类问题的影响。在此框架内，我们的目标是：(i) 确定中巴塔哥尼亚岩石海岸沼泽中土壤和 Spartina densiflora 组织中痕量金属的含量；(ii) 将不同土壤-植物复合部分中的金属浓度模式与环境条件联系起来；(iii) 调查地理金属浓度模式是否可以用人为影响和来源和/或当地盛行的生物地球化学过程来解释。为此，在距城市或工业区不同距离的五个岩石海岸沼泽中收集了土壤样本和相关植被。Al、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Ni、Pb 的浓度，测定了土壤（假总和生物可利用的）和植物（根和芽）中的锌。然后计算富集因子、生物积累和易位因子。讨论了土壤矿物学和这些金属根据不同土壤变量的行为。根据所考虑的金属，结果显示出不同的行为和人为影响程度。位于新海湾南部边缘的盐沼显示出最高浓度的金属。Fe、Al、Cu 和 Zn 主要是天然来源。Fe和Al主要存在于土壤中而不是植物中，而Cu和Zn在两种基质中的分布相似。尽管土壤中的 Cd 显示出富集，但它具有天然来源。此外，它在土壤中很少见，主要集中在 Spartina 的根部。铅，Cr 和 Ni 也显示出人为富集，主要来自港口和工业活动。铅在所有土壤-植物子系统中都有显着的代表性，并且在土壤中显示出最高的生物利用度。Cr 和 Ni 在土壤中的浓度很高，在根中表现出很高的生物积累。人类对巴塔哥尼亚中部新湾岩石海岸沼泽的影响程度与微量金属污染有关，从稀少到非常重要，位于其南缘的沼泽表现出最糟​​糕的情况。