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The relationship between cannabis use and patient outcomes in medication-based treatment of opioid use disorder: A systematic review
Clinical Psychology Review ( IF 12.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101939
Stephanie Lake 1 , Michelle St Pierre 2
Affiliation  

Despite high rates of cannabis use during medication-based treatment of opioid use disorder (MOUD), uncertainty remains around how cannabis influences treatment outcomes. We sought to investigate the relationship between cannabis use during MOUD and a number of patient outcomes. We searched seven databases for original peer-reviewed studies documenting the relationship between cannabis use and at least one primary outcome (opioid use, treatment adherence, or treatment retention) among patients enrolled in methadone-, buprenorphine-, or naltrexone-based therapy for OUD. In total, 41 articles (including 23 methadone, 7 buprenorphine, 6 naltrexone, and 5 mixed modalities) were included in this review. For each primary outcome area, there was a small number of studies that produced findings suggestive of a supportive or detrimental role of concurrent cannabis use, but the majority of studies reported that cannabis use was not statistically significantly associated with the outcome. No studies of naltrexone treatment demonstrated significantly worse outcomes for cannabis users. We identified methodological shortcomings and future research priorities, including exploring the potential role of adjunct cannabis use for improving opioid craving and withdrawal during MOUD. While monitoring for cannabis use may help guide clinicians towards an improved treatment plan, cannabis use is unlikely to independently threaten treatment outcomes.



中文翻译:

大麻使用与阿片类药物使用障碍药物治疗患者预后之间的关系:系统评价

尽管在基于药物的阿片类药物使用障碍 (MOUD) 治疗期间大麻使用率很高,但大麻如何影响治疗结果仍存在不确定性。我们试图调查 MOUD 期间使用大麻与许多患者结果之间的关系。我们在七个数据库中搜索了原始同行评审研究,这些研究记录了使用基于美沙酮、丁丙诺啡或纳曲酮的 OUD 治疗的患者中大麻使用与至少一个主要结果(阿片类药物使用、治疗依从性或治疗保留)之间的关系. 本综述共纳入 41 篇文章(包括 23 篇美沙酮、7 篇丁丙诺啡、6 篇纳曲酮和 5 种混合药物)。对于每个主要结果领域,有少数研究得出的结果表明同时使用大麻有支持作用或有害作用,但大多数研究报告说,大麻使用与结果在统计上没有显着相关性。没有关于纳曲酮治疗的研究表明大麻使用者的结果明显更糟。我们确定了方法学上的缺陷和未来的研究重点,包括探索在 MOUD 期间辅助大麻使用对改善阿片类药物渴望和戒断的潜在作用。虽然监测大麻使用情况可能有助于指导临床医生改进治疗计划,但大麻使用不太可能独立威胁治疗结果。没有关于纳曲酮治疗的研究表明大麻使用者的结果明显更糟。我们确定了方法学上的缺陷和未来的研究重点,包括探索在 MOUD 期间辅助大麻使用对改善阿片类药物渴望和戒断的潜在作用。虽然监测大麻使用情况可能有助于指导临床医生改进治疗计划,但大麻使用不太可能独立威胁治疗结果。没有关于纳曲酮治疗的研究表明大麻使用者的结果明显更糟。我们确定了方法学上的缺陷和未来的研究重点,包括探索在 MOUD 期间辅助大麻使用对改善阿片类药物渴望和戒断的潜在作用。虽然监测大麻使用情况可能有助于指导临床医生改进治疗计划,但大麻使用不太可能独立威胁治疗结果。

更新日期:2020-10-30
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