Quaternary ammonium (QA)-based polymeric sorbents are known to be effective for CO₂ capture, especially from ultradilute streams like air. In this work, we address two major challenges in QA sorbent design for application in moisture-swing processes, porosity control and hydrophilicity modulation. Facilely substituting porous CO₂-active components for non-porous ones can enhance the sorption kinetics by 4-fold compared to the state-of-art, and micro–mesoporous structures are identified as optimal porous structures. A method to modulate the hydrophilicity of QA-based sorbents is developed using controlled radical polymerization, incorporating fluorine-containing monomers. The CO₂ sorption capacity and the tolerance towards moisture are simultaneously enhanced via adjustment of the structure and the content of fluorine-containing blocks. We postulate that porosity and hydrophilicity optimization can make QA-based sorbents adaptive to deployment of scalable moisture-swing processes in varied and complex atmospheric circumstances.

已知基于季铵盐（QA）的聚合物吸附剂可有效捕获CO ₂，特别是从空气等超稀流中捕获CO ₂。在这项工作中，我们解决了在水分波动过程中应用的QA吸附剂设计中的两个主要挑战，即孔隙率控制和亲水性调节。与现有技术相比，用多孔CO ₂活性组分代替无孔组分可以将吸附动力学提高4倍，并且微介孔结构被认为是最佳的多孔结构。利用掺入含氟单体的受控自由基聚合开发了一种调节QA基吸附剂亲水性的方法。一氧化碳₂通过调节含氟嵌段的结构和含量，同时提高了吸附能力和耐湿性。我们假设孔隙率和亲水性的优化可以使基于质量保证的吸附剂适应在各种复杂的大气环境中部署可扩展的水分摇摆过程。