The traditional synthesis of syngas, a mixture of CO and H₂, relies on the reverse water gas shift reaction at high temperature and thus consumes considerable energy and resources. In this regard, the electrochemical conversion of CO₂-H₂O to CO-H₂ provides an emerging alternative technique to conquer these shortages. This short review highlights the recent advances and future trends in the electrocatalytic transformation of CO₂ and H₂O to syngas with a tunable H₂:CO ratio. We summarize the latest advances in metals, metal oxides and chalcogenides, metal complex catalysts, single-atom catalysts, and metal-free catalysts with an emphasis on controlling the CO:H₂ ratio, which is vital for downstream Fischer-Tropsch process synthesis. Then we introduce versatile methods to improve the production efficiency of syngas by alternative anode reactions and advanced technologies (e.g., gas diffusion electrode-based, flow, solid oxide electrolytic cells). Finally, we provide an outlook on the current challenges and promising opportunities in the field of syngas synthesis.

传统合成气（CO和H ₂的混合物）依赖于高温下的反向水煤气变换反应，因此消耗了大量的能源和资源。在这方面，从CO ₂ -H ₂ O到CO-H ₂的电化学转化为克服这些不足提供了一种新兴的替代技术。这篇简短的评论重点介绍了将CO ₂和H ₂ O电催化转化为可调H ₂合成气的最新进展和未来趋势。：CO比。我们总结了金属，金属氧化物和硫族化物，金属络合物催化剂，单原子催化剂和无金属催化剂的最新进展，重点是控制CO：H _2的比例，这对于下游的费-托合成工艺至关重要。然后，我们介绍了通过替代性阳极反应和先进技术（例如，基于气体扩散电极的，流动式，固体氧化物电解槽）来提高合成气生产效率的通用方法。最后，我们对合成气合成领域的当前挑战和有前途的机遇进行了展望。