A terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) instrument can scan trees to get three-dimensional (3D) point clouds with detailed tree structures. However, some factors, such as surrounding environment, tree structure, the characteristics and scanning parameters of TLS instrument, can affect the scanning result. Simulation of tree point cloud is an efficient way to avoid and analyse the influence of the above factors. A simulation method was proposed to simulate tree point clouds by using the ray-tracing algorithm and 3D tree models. Thirteen tree models were tested with the proposed simulation method. Ten tree models are from the virtual model library, and other three tree models are constructed from real point cloud data. The accuracy of the simulated results was evaluated by using the absolute value of Hausdorff distances (AVOHD). Although the results showed that leaves and more branches will decrease simulation accuracy, the proposed method is effective and accurate on tree point cloud simulation.

中文翻译：

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基于光线追踪算法和三维树模型的树点云仿真

地面激光扫描 (TLS) 仪器可以扫描树木以获得具有详细树结构的三维 (3D) 点云。但是，一些因素，如周围环境、树状结构、TLS 仪器的特性和扫描参数等，都会影响扫描结果。树点云模拟是避免和分析上述因素影响的有效方法。提出了一种利用光线追踪算法和3D树模型模拟树点云的仿真方法。使用所提出的模拟方法测试了 13 棵树模型。十棵树模型来自虚拟模型库，其他三个树模型由真实点云数据构建。通过使用豪斯多夫距离的绝对值 (AVOHD) 来评估模拟结果的准确性。