BACKGROUND The impact of maternal diet during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment is of public health and clinical relevance. We evaluated the associations of dietary quality based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and dietary inflammatory potential based on the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) score during pregnancy with emotional and behavioral symptoms of offspring at 7 to 10 years of age. METHODS Individual participant data for 11,870 mother-child pairs from four European cohorts participating in the ALPHABET project were analyzed. Maternal antenatal DASH and E-DII scores were generated from self-completed food frequency questionnaires. Symptoms of depression and anxiety, aggressive behavior, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children were assessed using mother-reported tests and classified within the normal or borderline/clinical ranges using validated cutoffs. Adjusted odds ratios were determined by multivariable logistic regression models and aggregated by the two-level individual participant data meta-analysis method. RESULTS Higher maternal DASH scores (indicating better dietary quality) were associated with lower risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms, aggressive behavior symptoms, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms within the borderline/clinical ranges: odds ratio [OR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-0.99; OR 0.97, 95% CI, 0.94-0.99; OR 0.97, 95% CI, 0.95-0.98, per one-unit DASH score increase, respectively. For depression and anxiety, aggressive behavior, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, a one-unit increase in E-DII scores (a more proinflammatory diet) was associated with a 7% increased risk of all three analyzed emotional and behavioral symptoms: OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.03-1.11; OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.02-1.13; OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.01-1.13, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a maternal low-quality and proinflammatory diet may increase the risk of emotional and behavioral symptoms in children.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间的饮食质量和饮食炎症潜力以及儿童时期的后代情绪和行为症状：四个欧洲队列的个体参与者数据荟萃分析

背景 孕期母亲饮食对儿童神经发育的影响具有公共卫生和临床意义。我们评估了基于停止高血压的膳食方法 (DASH) 评分的膳食质量和基于能量调整膳食炎症指数 (E-DII) 评分的膳食炎症潜力与妊娠期 7 至 7 岁后代情绪和行为症状的关联。 10岁。方法 分析了参与 ALPHABET 项目的四个欧洲队列的 11,870 对母子的个体参与者数据。母亲产前 DASH 和 E-DII 评分来自自我完成的食物频率问卷。抑郁和焦虑症状，攻击性行为，使用母亲报告的测试评估儿童的注意力缺陷/多动障碍，并使用经过验证的临界值将其分类在正常或临界/临床范围内。调整后的优势比由多变量逻辑回归模型确定，并通过两级个体参与者数据荟萃分析方法汇总。结果 在临界/临床范围内，较高的母亲 DASH 评分（表明更好的饮食质量）与较低的抑郁和焦虑症状、攻击性行为症状和注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状风险相关：优势比 [OR] 0.97, 95%置信区间 [CI]，0.95-0.99；或 0.97，95% CI，0.94-0.99；OR 0.97, 95% CI, 0.95-0.98，每增加一个单位的 DASH 分数，分别。对于抑郁和焦虑，攻击性行为，和注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状，E-DII 评分增加一个单位（更促炎的饮食）与所有三种分析的情绪和行为症状的风险增加 7% 相关：OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.03 -1.11；或 1.07，95% CI，1.02-1.13；OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.01-1.13，分别。结论 我们的研究结果表明，母亲的低质量和促炎饮食可能会增加儿童情绪和行为症状的风险。