The low floor tram, which has been recently introduced, uses an independently rotating wheelset to achieve 100% low-floor structure and improve the running performance of curves. The independently rotating wheelset is designed to allow smooth curve driving by allowing the left and right wheels to rotate freely, allowing the outer wheels to rotate faster during sharp curves. As the rotational constraints on the left and right wheels disappeared, the lateral restoring force, which is inherent to railroad wheels, also decreased. Lack of resistance to disturbance may cause continuous flange contact or, in severe cases, zigzag driving while repeatedly impacting the left and right flanges. To overcome these shortcomings, research on guide mechanisms and steering mechanisms has been carried out, but there are few cases in which actual vehicles have been applied due to many operational problems with the attachment of additional devices or complicated systems. Considering the superior running characteristics of rigid wheels when driving straight and the characteristics of independently rotating wheels when running on curves, front and rear asymmetric bogies using a combination of two types of wheelsets have also been proposed. The front and rear asymmetric bogie must be able to improve the driving performance only when the front shaft is a rigid wheel, and on the contrary, the stability is worse. In this paper, the performance of the front and rear asymmetric bogies is verified through analysis and small-scale roller rig test. In order to improve the shortcomings of the fixed asymmetric bogies, the switch control method of the individual motor control is applied to the motor bogie and the switch control method using active coupler for the trailer bogie were proposed. The performance improvement effect of switch control was verified through analysis and test. The switch control is a practical control method that can be applied directly to a real vehicle by applying a very simple and effective control method and plans to verify the performance improvement effect through actual vehicle test in the future.

中文翻译：

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应用单电机和主动耦合器开关控制提高独立旋转轮式轨道车辆运行性能的前后非对称轮对分析

近期推出的低地板有轨电车，采用独立旋转轮对，实现100%低地板结构，提高弯道运行性能。独立旋转的轮对旨在通过允许左右轮自由旋转来实现平滑的曲线行驶，允许外轮在急转弯时旋转得更快。随着左右车轮的旋转约束消失，铁路车轮固有的横向恢复力也降低了。缺乏抗扰性可能会导致法兰持续接触，或者在严重的情况下，在反复冲击左右法兰的同时曲折行驶。为了克服这些缺点，进行了导向机构和转向机构的研究，但由于附加设备或复杂系统的许多操作问题，很少有实际车辆被应用的情况。考虑到刚性车轮在直线行驶时的优越行驶特性和在弯道行驶时车轮独立旋转的特点，还提出了采用两种轮对组合的前后非对称转向架。前后非对称转向架必须在前轴为刚轮时才能提高行驶性能，相反，稳定性较差。本文通过分析和小型滚子台架试验验证了前后非对称转向架的性能。为了改善固定式非对称转向架的缺点，将单独电机控制的切换控制方法应用于电机转向架，提出了采用主动耦合器的拖车转向架切换控制方法。通过分析测试验证了开关控制的性能提升效果。开关控制是一种实用的控制方法，可以通过应用非常简单有效的控制方法直接应用于实车，并计划在未来通过实际车辆测试来验证性能提升效果。