Abstract

Materials on the composition of forage plants in the bison diet were obtained within the enclosure of nonconsumptive use at the Rostov Nature Reserve in the summer and autumn seasons of 2018. The described area is located in the sod-forming cereal-grass steppes in the Western Manych River valley. Data on the seasonal dynamics of the composition of forage plants in the bison diet were produced via cuticular microscopic analysis of fecal samples. An electronic database was created for the plant cuticle structures typical of the species providing the floristic richness of grassland for bisons in order to identify the species of the botanical fragments in the fecal samples. Thus, the proportion of cereals in the summer and autumn diets comprised 64% and 84%, respectively. The selectivity indices of cereal species were measured as 2.1 in the summer and 4.3 in the autumn seasons. For motley grasses, it was 0.5 in the summer season and decreased to 0.2 in the autumn. The index value depends on the animals’ taste preferences, the species richness in the aboveground phytomass of grassland, and the plant growth stage.

中文翻译：

---

西曼奇河谷草皮成谷谷物草原中半自由漫游野牛（野牛野牛）的觅食选择性

摘要

在2018年夏季和秋季的Rostov自然保护区的非消费性用地范围内，获得了野牛饲料中草料植物成分的材料。所描述的区域位于西部的草皮形成谷类草草原芒奇河谷。通过粪便样品的表皮显微镜分析获得了在野牛饮食中饲草植物组成的季节动态数据。为该物种典型的植物表皮结构创建了一个电子数据库，为野牛提供​​了丰富的草原植物区系，以便识别粪便样品中的植物碎片物种。因此，夏季和秋季饮食中谷物的比例分别占64％和84％。谷物种类的选择性指数为2。夏季为1，秋季为4.3。对于杂色草，夏季为0.5，秋季为0.2。指数值取决于动物的口味偏好，草原地上植物的物种丰富度以及植物的生长阶段。