Abstract

Modern gyroscopy is characterized by a great diversity of gyroscopes that have been and are being developed. Dominant positions belong to wave optic gyroscopes implementing the relativistic Sagnac effect, and micromechanical vibratory gyroscopes the operating principle of which is based on Coriolis effect. At the same time, high-precision rotor mechanical gyroscopes based on the principles of rotating solid body dynamics partially retain their position; also, the research of gyroscopes developed on the principles of nuclear physics and quantum optics is progressing successfully. Current state and the prospects of gyroscopes development are discussed in this paper.

中文翻译：

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陀螺仪的前景

摘要

现代陀螺仪的特点是，已经开发和正在开发的陀螺仪种类繁多。占主导地位的是属于实现相对论Sagnac效应的波光陀螺仪，其工作原理是基于科里奥利效应的微机械振动陀螺仪。同时，基于旋转固体动力学原理的高精度转子机械陀螺仪部分保留其位置；同样，基于核物理和量子光学原理开发的陀螺仪的研究也在成功进行。本文讨论了陀螺仪的现状和发展前景。