Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs), despite their small size, are stable and have a large surface area that allows for absorption and removal of ions as well as turbidity in a short period of time. Thus, the present study addressed the synthesis and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 NPs synthesized using the co-precipitation method and evaluated their effect on the coagulation process in water treatment. The Fe 3 O 4 NPs characteristics were evaluated as follows: magnetic properties were measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), surface area using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), crystal phase using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and morphology using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In addition, the effects of the synthetic Fe 3 O 4 NPs on the turbidity reduction of water in various pH levels were evaluated. The synthesized Fe 3 O 4 NPs were without any impurity in the sizes of 22–32 nm, surface area of 99.6 m 2 /g, pores’ mean diameter size of approximately 10.6 nm, and maximum magnetic saturation of 66.21 emu/gram (emu/g). Using 0.2 g of synthetic Fe 3 O 4 NPs with an initial turbidity of 17 NTU and pH of 6 could reduce all water turbidity (100%). Considering the cheap and facile production and separation, as well as the possibility to reuse them and reduce the sludge water content, iron oxide Fe 3 O 4 NPs can be effectively used for turbidity reduction in the water treatment process.

中文翻译：

---

共沉淀技术合成的氧化铁纳米颗粒作为沉淀池水处理混凝剂的潜在应用

氧化铁纳米颗粒（Fe 3 O 4 NPs）尽管尺寸小，但稳定且具有大的表面积，可以在短时间内吸收和去除离子以及混浊。因此，本研究解决了使用共沉淀法合成的 Fe 3 O 4 NPs 的合成和表征，并评估了它们对水处理中混凝过程的影响。Fe 3 O 4 NPs 的特性评估如下：使用振动样品磁强计 (VSM) 测量磁性能，使用 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 测量表面积，使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 测量晶相，以及形貌使用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）。此外，还评估了合成的 Fe 3 O 4 NPs 在不同 pH 值下对降低水浊度的影响。合成的Fe 3 O 4 NPs无杂质，粒径22-32 nm，表面积99.6 m 2 /g，孔隙平均直径约10.6 nm，最大磁饱和度66.21 emu/g（emu /G）。使用 0.2 g 初始浊度为 17 NTU 和 pH 值为 6 的合成 Fe 3 O 4 NPs 可以降低所有水的浊度 (100%)。考虑到生产和分离的廉价和简便，以及重复利用它们和降低污泥含水量的可能性，氧化铁Fe 3 O 4 NPs可以有效地用于水处理过程中的浊度降低。2 g 初始浊度为 17 NTU 且 pH 值为 6 的合成 Fe 3 O 4 NPs 可以降低所有水的浊度 (100%)。考虑到生产和分离的廉价和简便，以及重复利用它们和降低污泥含水量的可能性，氧化铁Fe 3 O 4 NPs可以有效地用于水处理过程中的浊度降低。2 g 初始浊度为 17 NTU 且 pH 值为 6 的合成 Fe 3 O 4 NPs 可以降低所有水的浊度 (100%)。考虑到生产和分离的廉价和简便，以及重复利用它们和降低污泥含水量的可能性，氧化铁Fe 3 O 4 NPs可以有效地用于水处理过程中的浊度降低。