New methods for formulating flame retardant cotton fabrics have been achieved by applying a microwave-assisted technique with low amounts of solvent. Trials using cotton fabrics treated with casein from bovine milk and eco-friendly inorganic materials, urea and diammonium phosphate, were completed successfully. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), 45 ° angle (clothing textiles test), and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests were carried out for the treated cotton fabrics. When the treated fabrics were tested using the 45 ° angle flame, the ignited fabrics self-extinguished and left behind a streak of char. Treated higher add-on fabrics were neither consumed by flame, nor produced glowing embers upon self-extinguishing. All untreated cotton fabrics showed limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of about 18 % oxygen in nitrogen. For formulations with casein, urea and diammonium phosphate, LOI values of treated fabrics were 32.0–44.0 % oxygen in nitrogen when add-on values for the formulation were 9.71–23.5 wt%. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to characterize the chemical structure on the treated fabrics, as well as, the surface morphology of char areas of treated and untreated fabrics.

通过使用低溶剂的微波辅助技术，已经获得了配制阻燃棉织物的新方法。使用牛乳酪蛋白处理过的棉织物以及生态友好的无机材料尿素和磷酸氢二铵的试验成功完成。对处理后的棉织物进行热重分析（TGA），45°角（服装纺织品测试）和极限氧指数（LOI）测试。当使用45°角火焰测试处理过的织物时，被点燃的织物会自动熄灭，并留下炭黑条纹。经过处理的高级附加织物既不会被火焰消耗，也不会在自熄时产生炽热的余烬。所有未处理的棉织物在氮气中的极限氧指数（LOI）值约为18％。对于酪蛋白制剂，尿素和磷酸氢二铵，当配方的附加值为9.71–23.5 wt％时，处理过的织物的LOI值为32.0–44.0％氮中的氧气。此外，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）来表征经处理的织物上的化学结构，以及经处理和未经处理的织物的炭区域的表面形态。