Tissue engineering vascular grafts (TEVGs) constructed by decellularized arteries have the potential to replace autologous blood vessels in bypass surgery for patients with cardiovascular disease. There are various methods of decellularization without a standard protocol. Detergents approaches are simple, and easy control of experimental conditions. Non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 and ionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are the most commonly used detergents. In this study, we used Triton X-100 and SDS with different concentrations to decellularize porcine carotid arteries. After that, we investigated the acellular effect and mechanical properties of decellularized arteries to find a promising concentration combination for decellularization. Results showed that any detergents’ combination would damage the inherent structure of extracellular matrix, and the destruction increased with the increase of detergents’ concentration. We concluded that the decellularization approach of 0.5% Triton X-100 for 24 h combined with 0.25% SDS for 72 h could help to obtain decellularized arteries with minimum destruction. This protocol may be able to prepare a clinically suitable vascular scaffold for TEVGs.

由脱细胞动脉构建的组织工程血管移植物 (TEVG) 有可能在心血管疾病患者的搭桥手术中替代自体血管。在没有标准协议的情况下，有多种脱细胞方法。去污剂处理方法简单，实验条件容易控制。非离子去污剂 Triton X-100 和离子去污剂十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS) 是最常用的去污剂。在本研究中，我们使用不同浓度的 Triton X-100 和 SDS 对猪颈动脉进行脱细胞。之后，我们研究了脱细胞动脉的脱细胞效应和机械性能，以找到一种有前景的脱细胞浓度组合。结果表明，任何去污剂的组合都会破坏细胞外基质的固有结构，并且随着去污剂浓度的增加，破坏程度增加。我们得出的结论是，0.5% Triton X-100 24 小时的脱细胞方法与 0.25% SDS 72 小时的结合有助于获得具有最小破坏的脱细胞动脉。该协议可能能够为 TEVG 准备临床上合适的血管支架。