Persisters are phenotypic variants of the bacterial population that survive against lethal doses of bactericidal antibiotics.These phenotypes are created in numerous bacterial species, including those of clinical significance, such as Salmonella Typhimurium. Since persister cells are associated with the failure of antibiotic treatment and infection recurrence, it is crucial to identify the mechanisms that influence the formation of these cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the persister cell formation and expression analysis as well as to predict the 3D structure of the genes involved in the production of persister cells. The presence of persisters in S. Typhimurium was determined by time dependent killing of different types of bactericidal antibiotics and expression of genes associated with persister cell formation which was assessed five hours after the addition of antibiotics by the qRT-PCR. Indeed, the 3D structural model of the proteins studied was predicted by performing several computational methods of retrieved primary protein sequences. The results of the study showed that the S. Typhimurium produced high levels of persister cells in the exposure of bactericidal antibiotics. Furthermore, qRT-PCR resulted in the fact that the expression of related genes was different depending on the type of antibiotic. Overall, this study provides information on the creation of persister cells and the role of different genes in the formation of these cells and structure of proteins involved in the production of persister cells in S. Typhimurium.

中文翻译：

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评估与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌持久细胞形成有关的基因表达和蛋白质结构模型

持留菌是细菌种群的表型变体，可抵抗致死剂量的杀菌抗生素。这些表型在许多细菌物种中产生，包括具有临床意义的细菌物种，例如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。由于持久细胞与抗生素治疗失败和感染复发有关，因此确定影响这些细胞形成的机制至关重要。本研究的目的是研究持久细胞的形成和表达分析，以及预测参与持久细胞产生的基因的 3D 结构。S 中存在持久性。鼠伤寒是通过不同类型杀菌抗生素的时间依赖性杀死和与持久细胞形成相关的基因表达来确定的，在添加抗生素后 5 小时通过 qRT-PCR 进行评估。事实上，研究的蛋白质的 3D 结构模型是通过对检索到的主要蛋白质序列执行几种计算方法来预测的。研究结果表明，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在接触杀菌抗生素时会产生高水平的持久细胞。此外，qRT-PCR 导致相关基因的表达因抗生素类型而异。总体，