Over 20 years after identification of p53 and its crucial function in cancer progression, two members of the same protein family were identified, namely p63 and p73. Since then, a body of information has been accumulated on each of these genes and their interrelations. Biological role of p73 has been elucidated thanks to four distinct knockout mice models: (i) with deletion of the entire TP73 gene, (ii) with deletion of exons encoding the full length TAp73 isoforms, (iii) with deletions of exons encoding the shorter DNp73 isoform, and (iv) with deletion of exons encoding C-terminal of the alpha isoform. This work, as well as expression studies in cancer and overwhelming body of molecular studies, allowed establishing major role of TP73 both in cancer and in neuro-development, as well as ciliogenesis, and metabolism. Here, we recapitulate the major milestones of this endeavor.

中文翻译：

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p53 蛋白家族成员——p73 的分子机制和功能

鉴定 p53 及其在癌症进展中的关键功能 20 多年后，鉴定了同一蛋白质家族的两个成员，即 p63 和 p73。从那时起，已经积累了关于这些基因中的每一个及其相互关系的大量信息。由于四种不同的基因敲除小鼠模型，p73 的生物学作用已得到阐明：(i) 删除整个 TP73 基因，(ii) 删除编码全长 TAp73 同种型的外显子，(iii) 删除编码较短的外显子DNp73 同种型，和 (iv) 删除编码 α 同种型 C 端的外显子。这项工作以及癌症中的表达研究和大量分子研究，使得 TP73 在癌症和神经发育以及纤毛发生和代谢中的主要作用得以确立。这里，