Abstract

We have solved the problem of the acceleration of ions (protons) incident on the front of a nonlinear whistler for which the structure of its electromagnetic fields is assumed to be known and defined by the relations derived by us previously. We have established the dependence of the energy to which the protons are accelerated on the angle between the whistler propagation direction and the direction of the external magnetic field and on the whistler speed. The results obtained are applied to the Earth’s bow shock by assuming that the bow shock front has the structure of a nonlinear whistler. We show that the protons are accelerated at the Earth’s bow shock front to 45 keV and end up with such energies upstream of the bow shock in the foreshock region. In our opinion, being scattered by the oscillations existing in the foreshock, these energetic protons form a population of so-called diffuse ions upstream of the bow shock.

中文翻译：

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非线性吹口哨前端的离子加速

摘要

我们已经解决了入射到非线性啸叫器前端的离子（质子）加速的问题，对于该问题，我们假设其电磁场的结构是已知的，并由我们先前导出的关系定义。我们已经建立了质子被加速所依赖的能量与吹口哨传播方向和外部磁场方向之间的夹角以及吹口哨速度的依赖关系。通过假设弓激波前部具有非线性吹哨器的结构，将获得的结果应用于地球的弓激波。我们表明，质子在地球的弓激波前部加速到45 keV，并在前震区域的弓激波上游以这种能量结束。我们认为，由于前震中存在的波动而分散，