Indium-doped titanium oxide (In-TiO₂) anatase nanostructure with macro- and microporosity was synthesized by green method using aqueous plant waste extract as bio-template and ultrasonic waves instead of hazardous chemicals and solvents and energy consuming method. The efficiency of the as-synthesized green nanoparticles has been tested for degradation of organic pollutants and against gram-negative Escherichia Coli Bacteria (E-Coli). Upon indium doping, the photocatalytic activity for degradation of methylene blue (MB), phenol and Pb²⁺ reduction was improved compared with pure TiO₂. The improvement of photocatalytic activity of In-doped samples is attributed to combined effect of doping for charge carrier separation as well as due to macro-/microporosity for effective charge transfer. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of In-TiO₂ nanoparticles against E-Coli reached 100% as compared to 99.1% for pure TiO₂. The enhancement of the antibacterial activity is associated with increasing negative zeta potential of In-doped samples (up to − 29.3 mV) compared with less negative value of the undoped TiO₂ nanoparticles (− 9.85 mV). This effect is mainly due to increasing surface hydroxyl group. This work represents eco-friendly method to produce efficient photocatalyst and antimicrobial agent for water treatment.

采用绿色方法，以植物废液水提取物为生物模板，超声波代替危险化学品，溶剂和能源消耗方法，通过绿色方法合成了具有大孔和微孔的铟掺杂二氧化钛（In-TiO ₂）锐钛矿型纳米结构。已测试了合成后的绿色纳米颗粒对有机污染物的降解以及对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌细菌（E-Coli）的效率。铟掺杂后，与纯TiO ₂相比，提高了亚甲基蓝（MB），苯酚和Pb ²⁺还原降解的光催化活性。。掺杂In的样品的光催化活性的提高归因于掺杂对电荷载流子分离的综合作用以及归因于有效电荷转移的大孔/微孔。此外，In-TiO ₂纳米粒子对E-Coli的抗菌活性达到100％，而纯TiO ₂为99.1％。与未掺杂的TiO ₂纳米颗粒的负值较小（-9.85 mV）相比，抗菌活性的增强与In掺杂样品的负zeta电位增加（高达-29.3 mV）相关。该作用主要是由于表面羟基的增加。这项工作代表了一种生态友好的方法，可以生产用于水处理的高效光催化剂和抗菌剂。