Milk and dairy products’ production lines generate pollution in the form of food waste. The management of this waste concerns professionals that fit the purpose of this study to assess the chemical risk of the raw liquid effluents that are discharged from a milk processing plant located in Bechar (Southwest of Algeria) by analyzing the main chemical indicator parameters of water pollution following official analytical methods. A total of ten samples were analyzed during the months of February, March and April of the year 2019. The obtained results were interpreted according to the regulatory requirements recommended by the Algerian standard related to threshold limit of physicochemical parameters’ values. The obtained results showed pollution signs revealed by high levels of the organic matters, expressed by significant means related to the following parameters: chemical oxygen demand (COD: 810.33 mg/L), 5 days-biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅: 797.91 mg/L), total suspended solids (TSS: 47.3 mg/L) and turbidity (174.014 NTU) exceeding those required by the national standard, except other physicochemical parameters, such as pH, conductivity, sulfate, nitrate and nitrite contents that did not exceed the threshold of acceptable values. Although these raw effluents present a high organic load expressed by average BOD₅/COD ratio equal to 0.985, they constitute organic matters in a dissolved form (average value of the TSS/BOD₅ ratio = 0.076). Furthermore, The COD/BOD₅ ratio that had an average value equal to 1.015 underlines the biodegradability character of discharged dairy effluents. The high pollution levels which are aggravated by the lack of wastewater treatment can hurt the environment and the biological diversity and, therefore the humans' health. This requires an immediate intervention for a solution, where it is very important that proper wastewater treatment systems should be installed for the environment protection and for the ecological balance. Otherwise, it may constitute a risk to the public health on medium- to long-term by affecting the quality of the underground reservoir known as the main source of supply for the inhabitants of arid and semi-arid areas.

牛奶和奶制品的生产线以食物垃圾的形式产生污染。这些废物的管理涉及专业人员，他们适合本研究的目的，以评估从位于Bechar的牛奶加工厂排放的原液体废水的化学风险（阿尔及利亚西南部），采用官方分析方法，通过分析水污染的主要化学指标参数来进行分析。在2019年2月，3月和4月的月份中总共分析了10个样品。根据与物理化学参数值阈值限制有关的阿尔及利亚标准建议的法规要求对获得的结果进行解释。获得的结果表明，有机物含量高表明了污染迹象，用与以下参数相关的重要方法表示：化学需氧量（COD：810.33 mg / L），5天生化需氧量（BOD _5）：797.91 mg / L），总悬浮固体（TSS：47.3 mg / L）和浊度（174.014 NTU）超出国家标准要求的值，但其他理化参数（例如pH，电导率，硫酸盐，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量除外）没有超过可接受值的阈值。尽管这些原始流出物表现出高有机负荷，其平均BOD ₅ / COD比等于0.985，但它们以溶解形式构成有机物（TSS / BOD ₅比的平均值= 0.076）。此外，COD / BOD ₅平均比率等于1.015的比率表明了排出的乳制品废水的生物降解特性。缺乏废水处理加剧了高污染水平，可能损害环境和生物多样性，从而损害人类健康。这需要立即进行干预以寻求解决方案，在该解决方案中，必须安装适当的废水处理系统以保护环境保护和生态平衡，这一点非常重要。否则，通过影响被称为干旱和半干旱地区居民主要供应来源的地下水库的质量，它可能对中长期健康构成威胁。