Most methods using transmitted channel wave (TCW) prospecting to quantitatively detect the thickness of coal seams based on the statistic relationship of group velocity in certain wave bands to the thickness of coal seams cannot be applied universally. To establish a universal applicable method, we first obtained the theoretical dispersion curve of TCW using the generalized reflection–transmission coefficient method and the 1-D horizontal multilayer velocity model, performed iteratively match calculation using the inversion model and the genetic algorithm and analyzed the distributive characteristics of shear wave velocity of coal and rock formations at a certain depth. We then obtained the 3-D velocity images of the coal seam working face based on TCW data using the 3-D back-projection technology. According to the changes of shear wave velocity at the coal–rock interface and the rate of inversion velocity change, we further proposed the quantitative discriminant model for coalbed thickness. Based on the model, we quantitatively interpreted the thickness of the coal seam by computing the depths corresponding to the extremes of the positive and negative rate of the shear wave velocity change and obtained the distribution characteristics of the coal thickness in the working surface. To verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed model for coalbed thickness, we conducted a 3-D physical similarity model experiment and subjected the collected two-component TCW data to inversion calculation and compared the obtained coal seam thickness with the known model parameters. Overall, our study achieved the universal 3-D quantitative detection of coalbed thickness and provided technical supports for intelligentized coalbed mining.

大多数使用传输通道波探查法来基于某些波段的群速度与煤层厚度的统计关系来定量检测煤层厚度的方法无法普遍应用。为了建立通用的方法，我们首先使用广义反射-透射系数方法和一维水平多层速度模型获得了TCW的理论色散曲线，使用反演模型和遗传算法进行了迭代匹配计算并分析了分布一定深度下煤岩的剪切波速度特征 然后，我们使用3-D反投影技术基于TCW数据获得了煤层工作面的3-D速度图像。根据煤岩界面处剪切波速度的变化和反演速度的变化率，我们进一步提出了煤层厚度的定量判别模型。在此模型的基础上，我们通过计算与剪切波速度变化的正负率极端值相对应的深度来定量解释煤层厚度，并获得了煤层厚度在工作面上的分布特征。为了验证所提出的煤层厚度模型的可行性和有效性，我们进行了3D物理相似性模型实验，并对收集的两分量TCW数据进行反演计算，并将获得的煤层厚度与已知的模型参数进行了比较。总体，