The present study proves that rapid and demarcating astroglial reactions are confined to birds and mammals. To understand the function of post-lesion astroglial reaction, the phylogenetical aspects are also to be investigated. Considering the regenerative capabilities, reptiles represent an intermediate position between the brain regeneration-permissive fishes and amphibians and the almost non-permissive birds and mammals. Damage is followed by a rapid astroglial reaction in the mammalian and avian brain, which is held as an impediment of regeneration. In other vertebrates the reactions were usually observed following long survival periods together with signs of regeneration, therefore they can be regarded as concomitant phenomena of regeneration. The present study applies short post-lesion periods comparable to those seen in mammals and birds for astroglial reactions. Two species of lizards were used: gecko (leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius, Blyth, 1854) and agama (bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps, Ahl, 1926). The gecko brain is rich in GFAP whereas the agama brain is quite poor in this. Crocodilia, the closest extant relatives of birds were represented in this study by Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus, Cuvier, 1807). The post-lesion astroglial reactions of crocodilians have never been investigated. The injuries were stab wounds in the telencephalon. The survival periods lasted 3, 7, 10 or 14 days. Immunoperoxidase reactions were performed applying anti-GFAP, anti-vimentin and anti-nestin reagents. No rapid and demarcating astroglial reaction resembling that of mammalian or avian brains was found. Alterations of the perivascular immunoreactivities of laminin and β-dystroglycan as indicators of glio-vascular decoupling proved that the lesions were effective on astroglia. The capability of rapid and demarcating astroglial reaction seems to be confined to mammals and birds and to appear by separate, parallel evolution in them.

中文翻译：

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蜥蜴和壁虎蜥蜴和凯门鳄古鳄的刺伤没有快速和划界的星形胶质细胞反应 - 它仅限于鸟类和哺乳动物。

目前的研究证明，快速和划定的星形胶质细胞反应仅限于鸟类和哺乳动物。为了了解病变后星形胶质细胞反应的功能，还需要研究系统发育方面。考虑到再生能力，爬行动物代表了允许大脑再生的鱼类和两栖动物与几乎不允许大脑再生的鸟类和哺乳动物之间的中间位置。损伤之后是哺乳动物和鸟类大脑中的快速星形胶质细胞反应，这被认为是再生的障碍。在其他脊椎动物中，通常在长期存活后观察到反应以及再生迹象​​，因此它们可以被视为再生的伴随现象。本研究采用与哺乳动物和鸟类中观察到的类似的较短的损伤后时期，用于星形胶质细胞反应。使用了两种蜥蜴：壁虎（豹纹壁虎，Eublepharis macularius，Blyth，1854 年）和蜥蜴（胡须龙，Pogona vitticeps，Ahl，1926 年）。壁虎脑富含 GFAP，而蜥蜴脑在这方面很差。在这项研究中，鳄鱼是现存鸟类的近亲，由居维叶矮凯门鳄 (Paleosuchus palpebrosus, Cuvier, 1807) 代表。鳄鱼的损伤后星形胶质细胞反应从未被研究过。受伤是端脑的刺伤。存活期持续3、7、10或14天。应用抗GFAP、抗波形蛋白和抗巢蛋白试剂进行免疫过氧化物酶反应。没有发现类似于哺乳动物或鸟类大脑的快速和分界的星形胶质细胞反应。层粘连蛋白和 β-dystroglycan 血管周围免疫反应性的改变作为胶质血管解耦的指标证明病变对星形胶质细胞有效。星形胶质细胞反应的快速和分界能力似乎仅限于哺乳动物和鸟类，并通过单独、平行的进化出现在它们身上。