A doctor‐blading process for the fabrication of triple‐cation halide‐perovskite thin films using eco‐friendly solvents under ambient conditions is demonstrated. An eco‐friendly perovskite precursor composed of γ‐butyrolactone (GBL)/dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)/isopropanol (IPA) mixture is used. The coordination between PbI₂ and DMSO effectively suppresses the perovskite crystal grow rate which results in a dense and uniform film. However, the intermediate DMSO–PbI₂ phase residual has a negative impact on the perovskite film quality. The amount of residues, the trap‐state defect density, the perovskite film uniformity, and the device performance can be considerably affected by adding IPA in the precursor due to its capability to facilitate DMSO evaporation. Heating post‐treatment on the top side of the film homogenizes the evaporation rate of the air–liquid surface which leads to a larger grain size and unbroken film. The device using perovskite solution with GBL/DMSO/IPA mixture as solvent achieves a decent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.3% with a V_oc of 1.01 V and a J_sc of 19.3 mA cm⁻². The bare device retains 76.5% of its original PCE after 25 days under ambient environment at 35 °C, with 35–40% relative humidity. A large‐size device with an active area of 2.4 cm² delivers a PCE of 8.52%.

中文翻译：

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溶剂对多阳离子混合卤化物钙钛矿常温条件下刮涂钙钛矿型吸光剂的影响

演示了在环境条件下使用环保溶剂制备三阳离子卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的刮刀工艺。使用由γ-丁内酯（GBL）/二甲基亚砜（DMSO）/异丙醇（IPA）混合物组成的环保钙钛矿前体。PbI ₂和DMSO之间的配位可有效抑制钙钛矿晶体的生长速率，从而形成致密且均匀的薄膜。但是，中间的DMSO–PbI ₂相残留对钙钛矿薄膜的质量有负面影响。通过在前体中添加IPA，由于其促进DMSO蒸发的能力，会大大影响残留物的数量，陷阱态缺陷密度，钙钛矿膜的均匀性和器件性能。薄膜顶面上的加热后处理使气液表面的蒸发速率均匀化，从而导致更大的晶粒尺寸和不破裂的薄膜。使用钙钛矿溶液和GBL / DMSO / IPA混合物作为溶剂的设备可实现12.3％的体能转换效率（PCE），V _oc为1.01 V，J _sc为19.3 mA cm ^-2。在环境温度为35°C，相对湿度为35–40％的情况下，裸设备保留25天后其裸PCE保持76.5％。有效面积为2.4 cm ²的大型设备的PCE为8.52％。