Abstract X-ray is a form of ionizing radiation with high energy and strong tissue-penetrability, which has been widely used for cancer therapy, including radiation therapy (RT) as one of the mainstream cancer treatments and radiodynamic therapy (RDT) as an emerging treatment modality. However, the nonspecific absorption of X-ray and peculiar tumor microenvironment would lead to the unsatisfied therapeutic effect and severe damage to normal tissues. The fast progress of nanotechnology has provided great opportunities for the development of functional nanoparticles and strategies to solve these problems. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in functional nanomaterials and the related strategies, discuss how they solve the challenges in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety of RT and RDT, and moreover comment on the challenges and prospects for efficient X-ray triggered cancer therapy based on nanomedicine.

中文翻译：

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用于 X 射线触发癌症治疗的功能性纳米材料的最新进展

摘要 X 射线是一种能量高、组织穿透性强的电离辐射形式，已广泛应用于癌症治疗，包括放射治疗（RT）作为主流的癌症治疗方法之一，放射动力治疗（RDT）作为新兴的治疗手段。治疗方式。然而，X射线的非特异性吸收和特殊的肿瘤微环境会导致治疗效果不理想和对正常组织的严重损害。纳米技术的快速进步为功能纳米粒子的发展和解决这些问题的策略提供了巨大的机遇。在这篇综述中，我们将总结功能纳米材料和相关策略的最新进展，讨论它们如何解决挑战以提高放疗和 RDT 的治疗效果和安全性，