Turbulent combustion will remain central to the next generation of combustion devices that are likely to employ blends of renewable and fossil fuels, transitioning eventually to electrofuels (also referred to as e-fuels, powerfuels, power-to-x, or synthetics). This paper starts by projecting that the decarbonization process is likely to be very slow as guided by history and by the sheer extent of the current network for fossil fuels, and the cost of its replacement. This transition to renewables will be moderated by the advent of cleaner engines that operate on increasingly cleaner fuel blends. A brief outline of recent developments in combustion modes, such as gasoline compression ignition for reciprocating engines and sequential combustion for gas turbines, is presented. The next two sections of the paper identify two essential areas of development for advancing knowledge of turbulent combustion, namely multi-mode or mixed-mode combustion and soot formation. Multi-mode combustion is common in practical devices and spans the entire range of processes from transient ignition to stable combustion and the formation of pollutants. A range of burners developed to study highly turbulent premixed flames and mixed-mode flames, is presented along with samples of data and an outline of outstanding research issues. Soot formation relevant to electrofuels, such as blends of diesel-oxymethylene ethers, hydrogen-methane or ethylene-ammonia, is also discussed. Mechanisms of soot formation, while significantly improved, remain lacking particularly for heavy fuels and their blends. Other important areas of research, such as spray atomization, turbulent dense spray flames, turbulent fires, and the effects of high pressure, are briefly mentioned. The paper concludes by highlighting the continued need for research in these areas of turbulent combustion to bring predictive capabilities to a level of comprehensive fidelity that enables them to become standard reliable tools for the design and monitoring of future combustors.

湍流燃烧将仍然是下一代燃烧设备的核心，下一代燃烧设备可能会使用可再生燃料和化石燃料的混合物，最终过渡为电子燃料（也称为电子燃料，动力燃料，X射线或合成燃料）。本文首先预测脱碳过程可能会非常缓慢，这要受历史，当前化石燃料网络的庞大范围以及其替代成本的指导。向可再生能源的过渡将通过使用越来越清洁的燃料混合物运行的更清洁的发动机的出现而得以缓和。简要概述了燃烧模式的最新发展，例如往复式发动机的汽油压缩点火和燃气轮机的顺序燃烧。本文的后两个部分确定了两个重要的发展领域，以提高湍流燃烧的知识，即多模式或混合模式燃烧和烟灰形成。多模式燃烧在实际设备中很常见，并涵盖了从瞬态点火到稳定燃烧以及污染物形成的整个过程。介绍了为研究高度湍流的预混火焰和混合模式火焰而开发的一系列燃烧器，以及数据样本和重要研究问题的概述。还讨论了与电燃料有关的烟尘形成，例如柴油-甲醛醚，氢-甲烷或乙烯-氨的混合物。烟尘形成的机理虽然得到了显着改善，但尤其是对于重质燃料及其混合物，仍然缺乏。其他重要研究领域 简要介绍了诸如雾化雾化，湍流浓密的喷射火焰，湍流火焰以及高压的影响。本文的结尾强调了对湍流燃烧这些领域的研究的持续需求，以使预测能力达到全面的保真度，使它们成为设计和监测未来燃烧器的标准可靠工具。