Ever since the introduction of topology optimization into the industrial and manufacturing fields, it has been a top priority to maximize the performance of any system by optimizing its geometrical parameters to save material while keeping its functionality unaltered. The purpose of this study is to design a dental implant macro-geometry by removing expendable material using topology optimization and to evaluate its biomechanical function. Three-dimensional finite element models were created of an implant embedded in cortical and cancellous bone. Parameters like the length and diameter of the implant and the bone quality (±20% variation in Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and density for both cortical and cancellous bone) were varied to evaluate their effect on the principal stresses induced on the peri-implant bone tissues and the micromotion of the implant at 150 N applied load. Design optimization is used to select one suitable implant for each material property combination with optimum parameters that experiences the least von Mises stress and axial deformation, out of twenty implants with different length and diameter for each material property combination. Topology optimization was then used on the selected implants to remove the redundant material. The biomechanical functions of the implants with optimized parameter and volume were then evaluated. The finite element analyses estimated that a reduction of 32% to 45% in the implant volume is possible with the implant still retaining all of its functionality.

自从将拓扑优化引入工业和制造领域以来，通过优化几何参数以节省材料同时保持其功能不变来最大化任何系统的性能一直是重中之重。本研究的目的是通过使用拓扑优化去除消耗性材料来设计牙种植体的宏观几何形状，并评估其生物力学功能。创建了嵌入皮质骨和松质骨的植入物的三维有限元模型。植入物的长度和直径以及骨骼质量等参数（杨氏模量的 ±20% 变化，皮质骨和松质骨的泊松比和密度）变化以评估它们对种植体周围骨组织上引起的主要应力的影响以及在 150 N 施加载荷下种植体的微动。设计优化用于从具有不同长度和直径的每种材料特性组合的 20 种植入物中选择一种具有最佳参数的合适植入物，该植入物具有最小的 von Mises 应力和轴向变形。然后在选定的植入物上使用拓扑优化以去除多余的材料。然后评估具有优化参数和体积的植入物的生物力学功能。