The traditional cerebellum’s role has been linked to the high computational demands for sensorimotor control. However, several findings have pointed to its involvement in executive and emotional functions in the last decades. First in 2009 and then, in 2016, we raised why we should consider the cerebellum when thinking about drug addiction. A decade later, mounting evidence strongly suggests the cerebellar involvement in this disorder. Nevertheless, direct evidence is still partial and related mainly to drug-induced reward memory, but recent results about cerebellar functions may provide new insights into its role in addiction. The present review does not intend to be a compelling revision on available findings, as we did in the two previous reviews. This minireview focuses on specific findings of the cerebellum’s role in drug-related reward memories and the way ahead for future research. The results discussed here provide grounds for involving the cerebellar cortex’s apical region in regulating behavior driven by drug-cue associations. They also suggest that the cerebellar cortex dysfunction may facilitate drug-induced learning by increasing glutamatergic output from the deep cerebellar nucleus (DCN) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and neural activity in its projecting areas.

中文翻译：

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可卡因的小脑

传统小脑的作用与感觉运动控制的高计算需求有关。然而，在过去的几十年里，一些研究结果表明它参与了执行和情绪功能。首先是在 2009 年，然后在 2016 年，我们提出了为什么在考虑毒瘾时应该考虑小脑。十年后，越来越多的证据强烈表明这种疾病与小脑有关。尽管如此，直接证据仍然是部分的，主要与药物诱导的奖励记忆有关，但最近关于小脑功能的结果可能会为其在成瘾中的作用提供新的见解。本次审查不打算像我们在前两次审查中所做的那样对现有调查结果进行令人信服的修订。这篇小综述重点关注小脑在与药物相关的奖励记忆中的作用的具体发现以及未来研究的前进方向。这里讨论的结果为小脑皮层的顶端区域参与调节由药物提示关联驱动的行为提供了依据。他们还表明，小脑皮质功能障碍可能通过增加从深小脑核 (DCN) 到腹侧被盖区 (VTA) 的谷氨酸能输出及其投影区域的神经活动来促进药物诱导的学习。