This study deals with the identification of the degradation products present on some Byzantine glasses coming from an archaeological excavation in Northern Tunisia. The main purpose of the present investigation is the identification of the products and the characterization of surface altered points, namely iridescent and black patinas, which are present on some selected glasses. Non-destructive techniques such as XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy) and LA-ICP-MS (Laser-Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) are here exploited. SEM-EDS was employed to ascertain the morphological structure and the chemical composition of various points, apparently different, on the glass surfaces. Small area XPS was performed for identifying the elements present on the sample surface, for determining their chemical state and for establishing the atomic composition of the morphologically different regions. LA-ICP-MS was exploited to determine the chemical composition as far as the trace elements are concerned. The presence of iridescent patinas and of encrustations has been highlighted on the glass surfaces in correspondence to the altered areas: iridescent patinas are due to the fact that the glasses are depleted in alkali and alkaline earths. The incrustations resulted due to the presence of calcium carbonates, and/or oxyhydroxides. In one case sulfides were also detected by SEM.

中文翻译：

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突尼斯北部拜占庭眼镜上的降解产物

这项研究的目的是鉴定突尼斯北部考古发掘出的某些拜占庭眼镜上存在的降解产物。本研究的主要目的是鉴定产品并鉴定某些选定的眼镜上存在的表面改变点，即虹彩和黑色铜绿。无损技术，例如XPS（X射线光电子能谱），SEM-EDS（扫描电子显微镜与能量色散能谱），ATR-FTIR（全反射傅里叶红外光谱）和LA-ICP-MS（激光本文采用了消融电感耦合等离子体质谱法。SEM-EDS用于确定玻璃表面上明显不同的点的形态结构和化学组成。进行了小面积XPS，以鉴定样品表面上存在的元素，确定其化学状态并确定形态不同区域的原子组成。就痕量元素而言，利用LA-ICP-MS确定化学成分。玻璃表面上存在虹彩铜绿和结壳，与变化的区域相对应：虹彩铜绿是由于玻璃中的碱金属和碱土资源贫乏。结垢归因于碳酸钙和/或羟基氧化物的存在。在一种情况下，也通过SEM检测到硫化物。用于确定其化学状态并确定形态上不同区域的原子组成。就痕量元素而言，利用LA-ICP-MS确定化学成分。玻璃表面上存在虹彩铜绿和结壳，与变化的区域相对应：虹彩铜绿是由于玻璃中的碱金属和碱土资源贫乏。结垢归因于碳酸钙和/或羟基氧化物的存在。在一种情况下，也通过SEM检测到硫化物。用于确定其化学状态并确定形态上不同区域的原子组成。就痕量元素而言，利用LA-ICP-MS确定化学成分。玻璃表面上存在虹彩铜绿和结壳，与变化的区域相对应：虹彩铜绿是由于玻璃中的碱金属和碱土资源贫乏。结垢归因于碳酸钙和/或羟基氧化物的存在。在一种情况下，也通过SEM检测到硫化物。玻璃表面上存在虹彩铜绿和结壳，与变化的区域相对应：虹彩铜绿是由于玻璃中的碱金属和碱土资源贫乏。结垢归因于碳酸钙和/或羟基氧化物的存在。在一种情况下，也通过SEM检测到硫化物。玻璃表面上存在虹彩铜绿和结壳，与变化的区域相对应：虹彩铜绿是由于玻璃中的碱金属和碱土资源贫乏。结垢归因于碳酸钙和/或羟基氧化物的存在。在一种情况下，也通过SEM检测到硫化物。