Land use change in all river basins leads to changes in hydrologic response, soil erosion, and sediment dynamics characteristics. Those changes are often viewed as the main cause of accelerated erosion rates. We studied the impact of land use changes on soil erosion processes in one of the watersheds in Montenegro: the Miocki Potok, using this watershed as a pilot river basin for this area. We simulated responses of soil erosion processes by using a process-oriented soil erosion Intensity of Erosion and Outflow (IntErO) model, with different settings of land use for the years 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The model provides fast, effective, and affordable insight into the effects of land use change on soil erosion processes. Testing of the applied procedures was important for the further establishment of watershed management methodologies at the national level, for the other 300 river basins of Montenegro. For the current state of land use, calculated peak discharge for the Miocki Potok was 364 m3 s−1 (2020)–372 m3 s−1 (1970) for the incidence of 100 years, and there is a possibility for large flood waves to appear in the studied basin. Real soil losses, Gyear, were calculated at 13680 m3 year−1 (2020) and specific 333 m3 km−2 year−1 (2020). A Z coefficient value of 0.439 (2020) indicated that the river basin belongs to destruction category III. The strength of the erosion process was medium, and according to the erosion type, it was mixed erosion. According to our analysis, the land use changes in the last 50 years influenced a decrease in the soil erosion intensity for 14% in the Miocki Potok River Basin. Further studies should be focused on the detailed analysis of the land use changes trends with the other river basins at the national level, closely following responses of soil erosion to the changed land use structure, and effects of plant-and-soil interaction on soil erosion and sediment dynamics.

中文翻译：

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土地利用变化对黑山 Miocki Potok 河流域土壤侵蚀的影响

所有流域的土地利用变化导致水文响应、土壤侵蚀和沉积物动力学特征的变化。这些变化通常被视为侵蚀速度加快的主要原因。我们研究了土地利用变化对黑山流域之一的土壤侵蚀过程的影响：Miocki Potok，将该流域用作该地区的试点流域。我们使用面向过程的土壤侵蚀侵蚀强度和流出强度 (IntErO) 模型模拟了土壤侵蚀过程的响应，其中 1970、1980、1990、2000、2010 和 2020 年的土地利用设置不同。该模型提供快速、有效和负担得起的洞察土地利用变化对土壤侵蚀过程的影响。应用程序的测试对于在国家一级为黑山的其他 300 个流域进一步建立流域管理方法非常重要。对于目前的土地利用状况，计算出的 Miocki Potok 的峰值流量为 364 m3 s−1 (2020)– 372 m3 s−1 (1970) 发生 100 年，并且有可能发生大洪水出现在所研究的盆地中。实际土壤流失量 Gyear 计算为 13680 m3 year−1 (2020) 和特定的 333 m3 km−2 year−1 (2020)。AZ 系数值为 0.439（2020 年）表明流域属于破坏类别 III。侵蚀过程强度中等，按侵蚀类型为混合侵蚀。根据我们的分析，过去 50 年的土地利用变化使 Miocki Potok 河流域的土壤侵蚀强度降低了 14%。进一步的研究应重点在国家层面详细分析与其他流域的土地利用变化趋势，密切关注土壤侵蚀对土地利用结构变化的响应，以及植物与土壤相互作用对土壤侵蚀的影响和沉积物动力学。