In recent years, the presence in the environment of chemical compounds with thyroid-disrupting effects is progressively increased. This phenomenon has risen concern for human health as the preservation of thyroid system homeostasis is essential for fetal development and for maintaining psychological and physiological wellbeing. An increasing number of studies explored the role of different classes of toxicants in the occurrence and severity of thyroid diseases, but large epidemiological studies are limited and only a few animal or in vitro studies have attempted to identify the mechanisms of chemical action. Recently, epigenetic changes such as alteration of methylation status or modification of non-coding RNAs have been suggested as correlated to possible deleterious effects leading to different thyroid disorders in susceptible individuals. This review aims to analyze the epigenetic alterations putatively induced by chemical exposures and involved in the onset of frequent thyroid diseases such as thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroiditis and disruption of fetal thyroid homeostasis.

中文翻译：

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甲状腺疾病中破坏内分泌的化学物质机理的新见解：表观遗传学方法

近年来，具有破坏甲状腺功能的化合物在环境中的存在逐渐增加。这种现象已引起人们对健康的关注，因为甲状腺系统稳态的维持对于胎儿的发育以及维持心理和生理健康至关重要。越来越多的研究探索了不同种类的毒物在甲状腺疾病的发生和严重程度中的作用，但是大型流行病学研究受到限制，只有少数动物或体外研究试图确定化学作用的机制。近来，已提出表观遗传学改变，例如甲基化状态的改变或非编码RNA的修饰，与可能导致有害个体中不同甲状腺疾病的有害作用有关。