Construction workers fail to recognize a large number of safety hazards. These unrecognized safety hazards can lead to unintended hazard exposure and tragic safety incidents. Unfortunately, traditional hazard recognition interventions (e.g., job hazard analyses and safety training) have been unable to tackle the industry-wide problem of poor hazard recognition levels. In fact, emerging evidence has demonstrated that traditional hazard recognition interventions have been designed without a proper understanding of the challenges workers experience during hazard recognition efforts. Interventions and industry-wide efforts designed based on a more thorough understanding of these challenges can yield substantial benefits—including superior hazard recognition levels and lower injury rates. Towards achieving this goal, the current investigation focused on identifying hazard categories that workers are more proficient in recognizing and others that they are less proficient in recognizing (i.e., hazard recognition patterns). For the purpose of the current study, hazards were classified on the basis of the energy source per Haddon’s energy release theory (e.g., gravity, motion, electrical, chemical, etc.). As part of the study, 287 workers representing 57 construction workplaces in the United States were engaged in a hazard recognition activity. Apart from confirming previous research findings that workers fail to recognize a disproportionate number of safety hazards, the results demonstrate that the workers are more proficient in recognizing certain hazard types. More specifically, the workers on average recognized roughly 47% of the safety hazards in the gravity, electrical, motion, and temperature hazard categories while only recognizing less than 10% of the hazards in the pressure, chemical, and radiation hazard categories. These findings can inform the development of more robust interventions and industry-wide initiatives to tackle the issue of poor hazard recognition levels in the construction industry.

中文翻译：

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建筑工人展示的危害识别模式

建筑工人未能认识到大量的安全隐患。这些无法识别的安全隐患可能导致意外的隐患暴露和悲惨的安全事故。不幸的是，传统的危害识别干预措施（例如，工作危害分析和安全培训）无法解决整个行业的危害识别水平差的问题。实际上，越来越多的证据表明，传统的危害识别干预措施在设计时并未正确理解工人在危害识别过程中遇到的挑战。基于对这些挑战的更透彻理解而设计的干预措施和整个行业的努力都可以产生巨大的收益，包括更高的危害识别水平和更低的伤害率。为了实现这个目标，当前的调查集中在识别工人更擅长识别的危险类别和其他工人不擅长识别的危险类别（即，危险识别模式）。为了本研究的目的，根据哈登的能量释放理论（例如重力，运动，电，化学等），根据能源对危险进行了分类。作为研究的一部分，代表美国57个建筑工作场所的287名工人参加了危害识别活动。除了确认先前的研究发现工人无法识别数量不成比例的安全隐患外，结果还表明工人更擅长识别某些危险类型。更具体地说，工人平均认识到重力中约47％的安全隐患，电气，运动和温度危险类别，而在压力，化学和辐射危险类别中只能识别不到10％的危险。这些发现可为解决建筑行业危害识别水平差的问题提供了更强有力的干预措施和行业建议。