Physical activity (PA) refers to any action produced by skeletal muscle that consumes energy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), PA is the primary element that can improve health at the community level. Obviously, PA plays an important role in the social, physical, and mental development of men and women, as well as in balancing weight. However, the large-scale negative impacts of physical inactivity on health-related issues are also recognized globally, such as obesity, which is the source of many non-communication diseases (NCDs). In Pakistan alone, 46% of deaths occur due to NCD. The majority of NCD deaths are linked to obesity, and Pakistan is the ninth most obese country in the world. Research on obesity caused by sedentary work in Pakistan is lacking, especially among university employees. To fill this gap, the current study mainly focuses on the rising non-communicable disease (NCD) rates among university employees in Pakistan due to a lack of exercise (obesity, in this case), with the help of a self-designed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. Five universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan were surveyed (n = 276), following the concept of Yin–Yang as a theoretical lens. The results of the current study show that the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of university employees have a great influence on their body mass index (BMI). The study shows that Pakistani residents’ (especially teaching staff) perceptions and attitudes towards obesity and PA have been instructive, but their practices need to be improved.

中文翻译：

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体育活动对挑战性肥胖在巴基斯坦的影响：知识，态度和实践（KAP）研究

体力活动（PA）是指骨骼肌消耗能量的任何动作。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的说法，PA是可以改善社区一级健康的主要因素。显然，PA在男性和女性的社会，身体和心理发展以及平衡体重方面起着重要作用。然而，缺乏运动对健康相关问题的大规模负面影响也在全球范围内得到公认，例如肥胖，肥胖是许多非传播性疾病（NCD）的来源。仅在巴基斯坦，就有46％的人死于非传染性疾病。非传染性疾病的大多数死亡与肥胖有关，巴基斯坦是世界上第九大肥胖国家。缺乏对巴基斯坦久坐工作造成的肥胖症的研究，特别是在大学员工中。为了填补这一空白，当前的研究主要集中在由于缺乏锻炼（在这种情况下为肥胖）导致的巴基斯坦大学雇员中非传染性疾病（NCD）发病率的上升，并借助自行设计的知识，态度和实践（ KAP）问卷。对巴基斯坦信德省的五所大学进行了调查（n = 276），遵循阴阳概念作为理论镜头。当前的研究结果表明，大学员工的知识，行为和态度对他们的体重指数（BMI）有很大的影响。研究表明，巴基斯坦居民（特别是教学人员）对肥胖和PA的看法和态度具有指导意义，但他们的做法有待改进。