In recent years, the construction and development of highways in turfy swamp areas has been very common. When highways pass through turfy swamps, they can change the local soil, vegetation and hydrological environment, but the impact on soil microorganisms is unclear. We studied the impact of highways on soil microbial communities and diversity in three turfy swamps. Soil samples were collected in the affected area (distance from the expressway 10 m) and control area (distance from the expressway 500–1000 m), and the soil properties, heavy metal content and microbial composition were measured. Subsequent statistical analysis showed that soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, density and especially water table (WT) are the main driving forces affecting the composition of microorganisms. The WT and density can also be used to predict the change trend of the ratio of proteobacteria to acid bacteria, reflecting the soil nutrient status. In general, the composition of soil microorganisms in turfy swamp is mainly affected by road drainage and heavy metal emissions. This research provides new insights into the impact of highways on turfy swamps from the perspective of bacterial diversity and community composition, and it also provides a basis for the restoration of the wetland ecological environment.

中文翻译：

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草地沼泽土壤细菌群落结构及其对公路扰动的响应。

近年来，草皮沼泽地区的公路建设和开发已经非常普遍。当高速公路经过草皮沼泽时，它们可以改变当地的土壤，植被和水文环境，但对土壤微生物的影响尚不清楚。我们研究了高速公路对三个草丛沼泽中土壤微生物群落和多样性的影响。在受影响区域（距高速公路10 m的距离）和控制区（距高速公路500-1000 m的距离）收集土壤样品，并测量土壤性质，重金属含量和微生物组成。随后的统计分析表明，土壤有机碳（SOC），总氮（TN），镉，铬，锌，铜，密度，尤其是地下水位（WT）是影响微生物组成的主要驱动力。WT和密度还可以用来预测蛋白质细菌与酸性细菌的比率的变化趋势，从而反映土壤的养分状况。通常，草皮沼泽中土壤微生物的组成主要受到道路排水和重金属排放的影响。这项研究从细菌多样性和群落组成的角度为高速公路对草皮沼泽的影响提供了新的见解，也为恢复湿地生态环境提供了基础。