Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for analyzing fine precipitates because it can measure the size of the precipitates directly. In contrast, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can observe much larger volumes and yield statistical quantitative results. However, the consistency between results obtained by SAXS and TEM has not been well investigated, especially in the case of precipitates having anisotropic shapes. In this study, the quantitative capability of SAXS was investigated by comparing SAXS and TEM results for TiC precipitates contained in high-strength steel. Samples with various size distributions of TiC precipitates were prepared. The average size, number density and volume fraction of TiC were obtained by SAXS analysis of these samples using a sphere or a disk form factor. Regardless of the form factor, the average size and volume fraction were almost the same, whereas the number density differed by one order of magnitude. The average size of TiC precipitates measured by SAXS analysis was consistent with that obtained by TEM. Since it is considered that the difference in number density depending on the form factor is attributed to an error due to the overestimation of the size distribution width, the average number density was defined to correct for this. The average number density calculated from the results using both form factors agreed well and were reasonable. It was found that using a sphere form factor with good convergence is effective for obtaining average information concerning the precipitates.

透射电子显微镜（TEM）是分析细小沉淀物的有力工具，因为它可以直接测量沉淀物的大小。相反，小角度X射线散射（SAXS）可以观察到更大的体积并产生统计定量结果。但是，通过SAXS和TEM获得的结果之间的一致性尚未得到很好的研究，特别是在具有各向异性形状的沉淀物的情况下。在这项研究中，通过比较SAXS和TEM结果对高强度钢中所含TiC沉淀物的含量，研究了SAXS的定量能力。制备具有各种尺寸分布的TiC沉淀物的样品。TiC的平均大小，数量密度和体积分数是通过使用球形或盘形因子对这些样品进行SAXS分析获得的。不论外形如何，平均大小和体积分数几乎相同，而数字密度相差一个数量级。通过SAXS分析测得的TiC沉淀物的平均尺寸与通过TEM获得的平均尺寸一致。由于认为由于形状因数而导致的数密度的差异是由于尺寸分布宽度的高估而引起的误差，因此定义了平均数密度以对此进行校正。使用两种形状系数从结果计算出的平均数密度非常一致且合理。发现使用具有良好收敛性的球形形状因子对于获得有关沉淀物的平均信息是有效的。通过SAXS分析测得的TiC沉淀物的平均尺寸与通过TEM获得的平均尺寸一致。由于认为由于形状因数而导致的数密度的差异是由于尺寸分布宽度的高估而引起的误差，因此定义了平均数密度以对此进行校正。使用两种形状系数从结果计算出的平均数密度非常一致且合理。发现使用具有良好收敛性的球形形状因子对于获得有关沉淀物的平均信息是有效的。通过SAXS分析测得的TiC沉淀物的平均尺寸与通过TEM获得的平均尺寸一致。由于认为由于形状因数而导致的数密度的差异是由于尺寸分布宽度的高估而引起的误差，因此定义了平均数密度来对此进行校正。使用两种形状系数从结果计算出的平均数密度非常一致且合理。发现使用具有良好收敛性的球形形状因子对于获得有关沉淀物的平均信息是有效的。定义了平均数字密度以对此进行纠正。使用两种形状系数从结果计算出的平均数密度非常一致且合理。发现使用具有良好收敛性的球形形状因子对于获得有关沉淀物的平均信息是有效的。定义了平均数字密度以对此进行纠正。使用两种形状系数从结果计算出的平均数密度非常一致且合理。发现使用具有良好收敛性的球形形状因子对于获得有关沉淀物的平均信息是有效的。