Food allergies are a major public health concern due to their widespread and rising prevalence. The increase in food allergy is partially due to Western lifestyle habits which deplete protective commensal microbiota. These microbial perturbations can result in adverse host–microbe interactions, altering the phenotype of various immune cells and instigating allergic sensitization. Although B cells are critical to allergic pathology, microbial influences on B cells have been somewhat overlooked. Here, we focus on direct and indirect interactions between bacteria and B cells and how such interactions regulate B-cell phenotype, namely antibody production (IgA, IgE, IgG1, and IgG4) and regulatory B-cell (Breg) function. Understanding how microbes modulate B-cell activity in the context of food allergies is critical to both tracing the development of disease and assessing future treatment options.

食物过敏是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它们广泛存在并且患病率不断上升。食物过敏的增加部分是由于西方的生活习惯耗尽了保护性共生微生物群。这些微生物扰动会导致不利的宿主-微生物相互作用，改变各种免疫细胞的表型并引发过敏性致敏。尽管 B 细胞对过敏病理学至关重要，但微生物对 B 细胞的影响在某种程度上被忽视了。在这里，我们关注细菌和 B 细胞之间的直接和间接相互作用，以及这种相互作用如何调节 B 细胞表型，即抗体产生（IgA、IgE、IgG1 和 IgG4）和调节 B 细胞 (Breg) 功能。