Climate change is still addressed largely through expert-driven processes that rely on large-scale scenarios to transmit knowledge of anticipated trends to land managers and the lay public who are forced to confront and adapt to impacts at the local level. Thus, there is a disconnect between large-scale scenarios and the top-down management paradigm that decision-makers use, and local scenarios and management actions that deal with familiar landscape features in the context of actually existing ecological disturbances and socioeconomic vulnerabilities. Downscaled visual scenarios developed through image alteration of specific landscapes are a useful way of contextualizing and communicating possible outcomes and educating participants about alternative land management strategies. Furthermore, visual imagery can allow for a greater range of information exchange than written or verbal information alone and is a particularly effective tool for conveying knowledge and gathering public opinions among communities with and without scientific backgrounds. We are therefore interested in how visual preferences for adaptive management align with participant’s understandings of functional ecological resiliency and aesthetic form. To investigate this, we detail the development of a visual survey method designed to test community preferences for adaptive management of forest systems in the southern portion of California’s Sierra Nevada mountain range. For each site-specific scenario, the survey assessed participant’s preferences among three alternative strategies: passive management, traditional restoration practices, and practices that are adaptive to uncertainty and changing outcomes. We asked the following: Does the inclusion of explanatory text with a visual scenario affect management preference? Do preferences differ between respondent professional category? And, how does stated familiarity with place-based landscape management practices affect preferences? Our results show that inclusion of explanatory site background information and narrative text with each strategy image aided in the understanding of and buy-in for adaptive management, which is dependent on place-based context.

中文翻译：

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只见树木不见森林：气候变化适应策略偏好的审美和情境延展性

气候变化仍然主要通过专家驱动的过程来解决，这些过程依赖于大规模情景，将预期趋势的知识传递给被迫面对和适应当地影​​响的土地管理者和非专业公众。因此，在实际存在的生态干扰和社会经济脆弱性的背景下，大规模情景和决策者使用的自上而下的管理范式与处理熟悉的景观特征的当地情景和管理行动之间存在脱节。通过特定景观的图像改变而开发的缩小的视觉场景是一种有用的方式，可以将可能的结果置于情境中并进行交流，并对参与者进行替代土地管理策略的教育。此外，与单独的书面或口头信息相比，视觉图像可以允许更广泛的信息交流，并且是在有或没有科学背景的社区之间传递知识和收集公众意见的特别有效的工具。因此，我们对适应性管理的视觉偏好如何与参与者对功能生态弹性和审美形式的理解保持一致感兴趣。为了对此进行调查，我们详细介绍了一种视觉调查方法的开发，该方法旨在测试社区对加利福尼亚内华达山脉南部森林系统适应性管理的偏好。对于每个特定地点的场景，调查评估了参与者在三种替代策略中的偏好：被动管理、传统恢复实践、以及适应不确定性和不断变化的结果的实践。我们询问了以下问题：包含视觉场景的解释性文本是否会影响管理偏好？受访者专业类别之间的偏好是否不同？并且，对基于地方的景观管理实践的熟悉程度如何影响偏好？我们的结果表明，在每个战略图像中包含解释性站点背景信息和叙述性文本有助于理解和支持适应性管理，这取决于基于地点的背景。对基于地方的景观管理实践的熟悉程度如何影响偏好？我们的结果表明，在每个战略图像中包含解释性站点背景信息和叙述性文本有助于理解和支持适应性管理，这取决于基于地点的背景。对基于地方的景观管理实践的熟悉程度如何影响偏好？我们的结果表明，在每个战略图像中包含解释性站点背景信息和叙述性文本有助于理解和支持适应性管理，这取决于基于地点的背景。